河南省湘豫名校2022-2023学年高三下学期2月入学摸底考试英语试题

 阅读理解

There are so many fun events happening in the City Beautiful. Enjoy the sunshine at a market, try an art class or explore the foodie scene. You'll find an ongoing events section for even more ideas.

Harbor Nights Primavera

Time: Friday, April 7   6:30 pm—9:30 pm

Price: $69—$99

Place: Loews Portofino Bay Hotel at Universal Orlando

A lively event on the Harbor Piazza featuring wines, chef-inspired food stations and a live band. It's a truly authentic Italian evening set beside a picturesque harbor that's perfect for a date night or a fun night out with friends.

2023 DIS CON

Time: Saturday, April 15—Sunday, April 16

Price: $55 and up

Place: Disney's Coronado Springs Resort

A one-of-a-kind expo celebrating Disney, Marvel, Pixar, theme parks, and music. On April 17, join a private after-hours party at EPCOT. All proceeds（收入）benefit Give Kids The World Village.

Open House: OneBeat

Time: Friday, April 28   7:30 pm

Price: Tickets starting at $5 donations

Place: Timucua Arts Foundation Orlando

OneBeat brings musicians（ages 19—35）from around the world to a region of the USA for one month each spring and fall to jointly write, produce, and perform original music, and develop strategies for arts-based social engagement. Feel free to bring a bottle of wine.

Annual Charity Cornhole Tournament

Time: Sunday, May 14   11:00 am

Place: Ace Cafe Orlando

Single elimination bracket（淘汰等级）style cornhole tournament at Ace Café in Orlando, FL featuring a $200 cash prize for the first place team and a prize to be determined for the second place. All proceeds will be used exclusively（专门地）to support families in need. The entry fee is a minimum donation of $50 per team.

 阅读理解

When hurricanes left a path of destruction in Puerto Rico, Pennsylvania College of Technology student Natascha G. Santaella felt a variety of painful emotions.

"I spent around six days stressing and having a very hard time with me having all the luxuries I currently do and my family not having any," the Guaynabo, Puerto Rico, resident said. Santaella said that her hometown is without power and water, and people there are scared of what is to come.

To reduce her stress, Santaella, who is studying for an associate degree in baking and pastry arts, immersed(沉浸) herself in what she knows best: baking. "It started out as just baking bread and shipping it to the island to then be dispersed to the people, but I found that was very expensive for me to do alone, so I spoke with Chef Charles Niedermyer, our instructor of baking and pastry arts about a sale of baked goods in the college's Bush Campus Center."

"Natascha is a bright energetic young lady with a big heart,"Niedermyer said. "I was not surprised to find her in my office, looking for ways to help the people of Puerto Rico."

To prepare, Santaella had multiple meetings with Niedermyer, spent hours finalizing recipes, designed signage(标志) and decorations, and got friends to staff the sale table with her. And then there was the baking: Santaella and two friends in the baking and pastry arts major spent six hours baking 90loaves of bread,24 dozen dinner rolls and 30 cheesecakes in a variety of flavors.

During the six-hour sale, Santaella and her friends raised more than $1,000 for United for PuertoRico, an initiative designed to provide aid and support to those affected in Puerto Rico by the passage of Hurricane Irma and Hurricane Maria.

"I hope to mainly increase awareness of what has happened, and to show people that there are Puerto Rican students at this school," Santaella said. "I hope that others had the great experience I had with all my teachers and how understanding they were with me."

 阅读理解

The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 98.6℉ (37℃) was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it's become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health—a diagnostic tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator if someone is sick or well.

However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn't, in fact, correct—or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years.

Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm (标准), so the Stanford team, led by Julie Parsonnet, MD, professor of medicine and of health research and policy, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening.

For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets (数据集) from three historical periods. One was military service records, medical records, and pension records from Union Army veterans of the American Civil War that were compiled from 1862 to 1930. The second was from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Ⅰ collected between 1971 and 1975, and the third from adult patients visiting Stanford Health Care from 2007 to 2017.

In all, the team went through 677,423 temperature measurements, making sure that temperatures recorded were accurate rather than the result of poorly designed thermometers (温度计). They did this by looking at the change in temperature inside each group over time to ensure that the curves (曲线) showing a decrease were consistent between the datasets.

At the end of the day, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.59℃ lower than those born in the early 19th century, while modern women showed an average decrease of 0.32℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. Together, this means that human body temperatures have fallen by 0.03℃ per decade.

 阅读理解

A new study shows that when heavy cognitive (认知的) work is lasted for several hours, it causes potentially poisonous materials to build up in the part of the brain known as the prefrontal cortex (前额叶). This in turn changes your control over decisions, so you shift toward low-cost actions requiring no effort or waiting as cognitive tiredness sets in.

Influential theories suggested that tiredness is a sort of illusion (错觉) cooked up by the brain to make us stop whatever we are doing and turn to a more pleasing activity but new findings show that cognitive work results in a true functional change — accumulation of poisonous materials — so tiredness would indeed be a signal that makes us stop working but for a different aim: to preserve the perfection of brain functioning.

To look for evidence of this, researchers monitored brain chemistry over the course of a workday. They looked at two groups of people: those who needed to think hard and those who had relatively easier cognitive tasks.

They saw signs of tiredness only in the group doing hard work. Those in that group also showed in their choices a shift toward options with rewards at short delay with little effort. Critically, they also had higher levels of poisonous materials in the brain. Together with earlier evidence, the researchers say it supports the concept that poisonous materials accumulation makes further activation of the prefrontal cortex more costly, such that cognitive control is more difficult after a mentally tough workday.

So, is there some way around this limitation of our brain's ability to think hard? The answer is negative. But there is good evidence that poisonous materials disappear in the brain during rest and sleep. The study result may have other practical uses. For example, the researchers say, monitoring of prefrontal metabolites (前额代谢物) could help to detect severe mental tiredness. Such an ability may help adjust work plans to avoid burnout. They also advise people to avoid making important decisions when they're tired.

 七选五

How to Organize a Garage Sale

Have you been considering the idea of having a garage sale, but aren't sure if it will be a success? Stay tuned to learn more about the tips!

Online Advertising is Key

About two weeks before your garage sale, you'll want to advertise as much as possible. . Advertise your sale so you can reach people who live in your neighborhood and beyond.

Create Lots of Signage

! Be sure to create plenty of large and colorful signs to direct people to your garage sale. Purchase a few poster boards, markers, glitter, stencils, and get decorating! Once you're done, hang the signs on select trees and poles in your neighborhood. It's critical that you clearly mark the date of your garage sale on every sign.

Create a Fun and Welcoming Atmosphere

Music, food, drinks, games, and more are fun for any occasion. . When you create a fun and welcoming atmosphere, you'll attract more visitors. You don't host a garage sale every day, so why not live a little?

Remember that not all prices are set in stone. While you are free to charge whatever you'd like, keep in mind that people may try to bargain, and that's a good thing. The goal is to sell as much as possible. When a customer drives a good bargain, they put money in your pocket and take those unwanted items off your hands!

Team Up With Another Garage Sale

Community garage sales are a great way to meet new people and get rid of unwanted items in your home. According to The Spruce, "garage sales advertised as neighborhood or community yard sale tend to attract more customers." . Community garage sales are great in terms of organization, so you can delegate（授权）certain roles and responsibilities to those involved.

A. Be Willing to Negotiate

B. Make a Fixed Charge

C. Paper advertisement isn't dead

D. The same goes for garage sales

E. They choose garage sales when they're financially difficult

F. The Internet is full of valuable information and opportunities

G. That's because people know there will be more variety at the sale

 完形填空

Winnie the Pooh was a source of comfort for me while I was growing up. Not only did he help me get to sleep, he also helped me understand the importance of 1 . Little did I then 2  that his words would provide more 3  than I could ever imagine.

I have spent the past five months in isolation (隔离). In that time, I have 4 loss and grief. One of the biggest 5 has been not being able to see those closest to me. This 6 me of the stories that I have read in Winnie the Pooh. He tells me that despite 7 we are stronger and braver than we think. Isolation has taught me how to 8 in the face of adversity (逆境). Time spent with friends has 9 . I find that I am spending much more time on phone calls and 10 . My friendships have become much more 11 , returning to play. Through the children's stories that I have heard, and my time in isolation, I have learnt the importance of 12 . Homeless children often talk about their friends and their need to play to make light of a bad 13 . This proves Pooh's second point: we are 14 than we think.

Winnie the Pooh's words have taught me a lot of things. Most 15 , despite distance, friendship makes us stronger, braver, and smarter. If it weren't for the 16 that I have had during isolation I wouldn't have 17 any of these things. I have 18 the words of Winnie the Pooh to remind me that despite the distance 19 between me and those that I love, I can still carry my friendships 20 .

 短文填空

The story of Ni Xialian, the 59-year-old member of Luxembourg's national sports team and the (old) Olympic table tennis player in the Chengdu World Table Tennis Championships competition, has gone viral on Chinese social media.

Born in Shanghai in 1963, Ni Xialian (successful) won several championships as part of China's national table tennis team. She later moved to Germany and then (settle) down in Luxembourg in 1991.

"I retired from China's national team in 1986. Since table tennis was not listed as an event at the Olympic Games 1988, I missed the chance (fight) for our country," Ni said in an interview with Xinmin Evening.

Ni attended the Summer Olympics in Sydney  a representative of Luxembourg in 2000,  (kick) off her career as an Olympian at the age of 37. She then joined four more Olympic Games, including those in Beijing and London.

Ni said she believes she stands as a symbol on the field for Chinese everywhere. "I was born in China and received systematic training in Shanghai, developed my solid skills and capability of reading games. It's very important." Ni told The Migu Sports News in the Shanghai dialect. "I just feel (honor) to compete in the Olympics. Even though I don't represent Team China anymore, I think that may be more meaningful because we need the (communicate) between East and West."

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Allen,

How is everything going? I'd like to invite you a music festival to be held the next Sunday morning in our school hall.

The music festival would last four hours in total. It will have many excellent performances, including some traditional music pieces playing with Chinese instruments, like pipa, guzheng or erhu. In addition, some traditional Chinese dances will be performed by student. What's more important is that some famous Chinese musicians will show off to perform. Since Chinese music is something which makes you crazy, I'm sure you will have fun if you can come.

Looking forward to our coming and hoping we can see your wonderfully performances.

Yours,

Li Hua

某中学生英文报近期开展了"保护古树名木共享绿水青山"的主题征文活动，以鼓励人们积极参与对古树的保护。请你以"Why We Need to Protect Century-old Trees"为题写一篇英语短文，向该英文报投稿。要求包括以下要点：1. 古树保护的意义；2. 古树保护面临的问题；3. 你的建议。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。