某环保小组为了检测n(
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3En%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%88%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3EN%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
且
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3En%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%26gt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
)条河流是否含有某种细菌,现对这n条河流进行取样检测(每一条河流取一份水样样本).以往的检测方法是将样本逐份检测,为了提高检测的效率,该环保小组设计了混合检测法,其步骤如下:将其中m(
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%88%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3EN%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
且
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%89%A4%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%26lt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3En%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
)份水样样本分别取样混合在一起检测,若检测结果不含该细菌,则这
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
份水样样本只要检测这一次即可;若检测结果含有该细菌,为了明确这m份水样究竟哪份或哪几份含有该细菌,需要对这
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
份再逐份检测,此时这m份水样样本的检测总次数为
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
.针对这n份水样样本,先采取混合检测,剩余的水样样本再逐份检测.假设在接受检测的水样样本中,每份样本是否含有该细菌相互独立,且每份样本含有该细菌的概率均为
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ep%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo+stretchy%3D%22false%22%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%26lt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ep%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%26lt%3B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo+stretchy%3D%22false%22%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
.