外研版（2019）高中英语必修第三册Unit 3单元练习（1）

阅读理解

I'm a student in my fourth year of a medical science degree at Robert Gordon University, but I also work 38 hours a week at Sainsbury's. I work three times a week, one more if I can manage it. The work I do at Sainsbury's is very physical—bringing new products out onto the shop floor.

I have two reasons to work for all my living costs. First, I have no right to get a student loan (贷款) because I was not born in Britain. Besides, my parents, who work in market research, can't afford my school fees.

On Monday I busy myself with work as well as study. I work from 10 p. m. until 8 a. m. on Saturday and Sunday nights, and then I have to be at my first lecture at 9 a. m. on Monday. I finish lectures at 2 p. m, and I have to be back at work by 10 p. m.

It isn't the best situation to be in, but I have to make full use of it. I would also like to have more time to study so I can be excellent at my course. AlthoughI have a lot on my plate, a situation where I don't have much time to meet friends because of my job and study, I don't complain. And I always remember my parents tell me the importance of working hard for what I want in life.

My dream is to take a further degree next year and then get a job at National Health Service (NHS) so I will no longer worry about money and have more free time. That is what I look forward to most.

阅读理解

Modern day robots may not be as entertaining as R2D2 or the robot from Lost in Space, but robots are very important to space exploration and are being used in a variety of different ways for several important reasons.

Robots make great explorers on planets, moons, and other landing areas. Aside from the earth, just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore. The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe, making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment. The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans towithstand. Plus there would be complications with radiation, weather, and a lack of gravity. Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.

Robots are designed for collecting scientific data. Robots are also able to perform many tasks at one time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently. Important scientific projects from detecting minerals, analyzing ground samples, and finding water are all performed much quicker and accurately by robots.

The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work. In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans, but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip. Moreover, robots have no problems working for hours on end. Robots never complain, they don't require food or water, and they never need a bathroom break.

Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space. Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars. They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars' history.

阅读理解

Every time your fingers touch your cell phone, they leave behind trace of amounts of chemicals. And each chemical offers clues to you and your activities. By studying them, scientists might be able to piece together a story about your recent life, a new study finds.

A molecule (分子) is a group of atoms. It represents the smallest amount of some chemicals. Your skin is covered in molecules picked up by everything you touched. With each new thing your skin contacts, you leave behind some small share of what it'd touched earlier.

Researchers at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) recently studied such chemical leftovers on the phones of 39 volunteers. The study was led by biochemist Amina Bouslimani. To explore those residues (剩余物), the UCSD team wiped the surface of each volunteer's phone with a cotton swab (药签). The scientists also swabbed each person's right hand. Then the researchers compared the chemicals found on each cell phone.

The scientists discovered as many of the molecules as they could. They then compared those to a database of chemicals. Pieter Dorrestein, a UCSD pharmaceutical chemist, had helped set up that database a few years earlier, which contains various substances, including spices, caffeine and medicines.

Traces of everything from hundreds to thousands of different molecules turned up on each phone. The molecules suggested what had been in the body, and what each person had handled before touching the phone. From all these molecules, Bouslimani says, “We could tell if a person is likely female, uses high-end cosmetics (化妆品), colors her hair, drinks coffee, prefers beer over wine or likes spicy food. ”

Police already use molecular analyses to look for traces of explosives or illegal drugs. To date, Dorrestein says, he's never heard of police using phone residues to narrow down behaviour clues to search for a suspect. But detectives might one day use such data to track down someone who left a phone behind at a crime scene.

阅读理解

Perhaps no one knows the power of imagination better than Chinese writer Liu Cixin. Until four years ago, Liu worked full-time as a computer engineer at a power plant in Shanxi province. He only wrote science fiction in his spare time. But it was during this time that Liu's imagination took flight. He did what he might never have the chance to do in real life—wander in space, fight with aliens, and visit planets light-years away.

But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn't expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction's highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novelTheThree-BodyProblem, nor that on Nov. 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C. Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. It's the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award.

In his acceptance speech, Liu said that he owed his imagination to Arthur C. Clarke (1917-2008), a famous UK sci-fi author. He said that reading Clarke's 1968 classic novel2001:ASpaceOdysseyin the early 1980s had a great effect on him.

“My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea, " Liu said. "That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (使……敬畏) by the mystery of the universe. ”

But no matter how far away Liu's imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational.

InTheThree-BodyProblem, for example, Liu tells a tale of aliens invading Earth. But unlike other alien stories, Liu talks more about relationships between civilizations, rules of survival, and the meanings of life. And inTheWanderingEarth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on "hard science". Liu's works aren't simply daydreams.

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Recent scientific studies have only underlined the importance of good sleep. But just what can a woman (or man) do to get a good night's rest?

Silky (丝滑) Smooth

For silky smooth skin, buy some silky smooth cloth without wrinkling (起皱)!. Silk won't leave impressions on the face, those kind of strange marks that can appear anywhere on the body after sleeping on cotton cloth. Soft cloth can suit your body's natural shapes and help keep their proper form.

Here's a simple way for people who have a hard time falling asleep:  try taking a shower!  Showering can relax the body and mind, helping the muscles to let go of daily stress. . But most importantly, a shower also helps adjust body temperature. To actually fall asleep, our body temperatures need to drop a little bit.

Limits Out

In order to ensure sleep quality, make sure all lights are out in the room. Sleeping in the dark helps remove upset and helps our bodies go into deep sleep, during which the body and mind repair themselves. .

A. Cool Down

B. Slow Down

C. These three easy tips will help you sleep better at night

D. This kind of cloth doesn't wrinkle quite as roughly as cotton

E. Sleeping on your back keeps facial skin laying at a natural angle

F. A piece of black cloth covering eyes can help with the process too

G. Even better, it affords an opportunity to remove all makeup before bed

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Modern inventions have speeded up people's lives amazingly. Motor cars1 a hundred miles in more than an hour, aircraft cross the world within a day, 2 computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of 3 seems never-ending. Every year motor cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts (吹嘘) of 4 precious seconds in handling tasks.

All this saves time, but5 a cost. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag ( 时差). Our bodies feel that they have been 6 behind in another time zone. Again, spending too long at 7 results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according to some scientists;  too much use may transmit (传播) harmful 8 into our brains, a consequence we do not like to 9 about.

However, how do we handle the time we have saved?  Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so used to constant activity that we find it 10 to sit down and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen 11 to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.

There was a time 12 some people's lives were devoted simply to the cultivation (耕作) of the 13 or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking (多重任务) there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors 14. Modern machines have 15 people from that primitive existence.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Why don't birds get lost on their long flights from one place to another?

Not long ago, experiments showed that birds rely the sun to guide them during daylight hours. But what about birds fly by night? Tests with artificial stars have proved that certain night-flying birds are able to follow the stars in their long distance flights.

A dove had spent its lifetime in a cage and had never flown under a (nature) sky. Yet it showed an inborn ability (use) the stars for guidance. The bird's cage (place) under an artificial star-filled sky. The bird tried to fly in the same direction as that (take) by his outdoor cousins. Any change in the position of the make -believe stars caused change in the direction of his flight.

Scientists think that doves, when (fly) in daylight, use the sun for guidance. But the stars are obviously their main means of (fly). What do they do if the stars are hidden by clouds?  Apparently, they find their way by such landmarks as mountain ranges, coastlines, and river courses. But when it's too dark to see these, the doves circle (help), unable to get their position.

假定你叫李华, 一直喜欢唱歌, 最近组建了自己的音乐俱乐部。你的笔友David很想了解一下有关情况, 请给他回一封邮件。

内容包括：

1）俱乐部情况(名称、组建时间、活动频率等)；

2）俱乐部带来的好处(交友、放松、积极面对人生等)。

注意：

1）词数80左右；

2）开头和结尾均已给出(不计入总词数)；

3）可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。

Dear David,

I am pleased to share with you some information about my music club.

……

Looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua

阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

One Sunday morning, George Thomas, a baker in a small New England town, was walking through town when he saw a young boy coming toward him, swinging (挥舞) a bird cage in the air. On the bottom of the cage, there were three little wild birds shaking with cold and fear. George Thomas stopped the boy and asked him what he got there.

The boy was happy and told him that there were just some old birds in the cage. When the baker asked him what he would do with the old birds. The boy said casually (漫不经心地) that he wanted to take the birds home and play with them. He would pull out their feathers to make them fight. He would have a really good time because he would enjoy watching these.

George Thomas was shocked by what the boy said. How could a boy be so rude to wild animals? So he continued to ask the boy what he would do to the birds when he got tired of them, because he was such a naughty and cruel boy that he was sure to be tired of them sooner or later. The boy laughed and said that he had a cat, which liked birds, so he would give the birds to his cat. The baker got more worried and decided to help set free the poor birds. So he asked, "How much do you want for those birds, son?"

The boy looked at him in surprise, wondering if the baker really wanted to buy them. He laughed and reminded the man that they were just plain old field birds. They didn't sing and they were not even pretty. However, the baker insisted and continued to ask him how much he wanted for the birds.

The boy stared at the baker as if he were crazy and said, "$10?"

The baker reached in his pocket and took out a ten dollar bill.

The baker picked up the cage.

(按) firmly on the wound to stop the bleeding.

The hunter aimed at the animal but did not (射击).

When dogs make the movement, it seems to show a strong (渴望) in humans to look after them.

He declared the report to be (无法) belief.

Some vegetables such as carrots and garlic can help (治疗) certain diseases.

But for your help, I would not have succeeded in the (实验).

I (贴) a copy of my notes for your information.

Most plastics do not readily (传导) heat or electricity.

This is a particular (记述) of the accident.

The next (步骤) is to insert the (电池).