备战2021年中考英语专题复习——任务型阅读 1（真题）

任务型阅读

Exercising Together

    Pets are great for our general health, and happiness. Dog owners especially benefit from (得益于)increased levels of exercise.

    Dogs as personal trainers

    Dog owners generally exercise more, and this has positive effects on their health over the long term.  Also, they can make their owners want to get up and go.

    Security

    Walking with a dog can help people, particularly women, feel safer.walking with a dog can also improve social communication with other people.

    Health benefits

    Simply taking your dog for a daily half-hour walk is a great way to bum kilojoules. It can also let you clear your head of the worries of the day and enjoy the company of others.

    Good for dog

    Regular exercise with dogs isn't just great for owners, and our dogs benefit as well. It helps keep them mentally and physically healthy just like their owners.

    Other pets

    Cats, birds and fish can all help to reduce loneliness and stress, meaning pets owners visit the doctor less often than non-pet owners. Now that's a real benefit.

A. Walking is good for our health. B. Other pets can get some benefits from owners. C. Dr. Katrina shares her advice about exercising with pets. D. Other pets can have a good influence on owners besides dogs. E. These findings suggest dogs are almost like personal trainers. F. This in turn can encourage owners to exercise more regularly.

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

    Cars powered by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid vehicles that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy, Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars measure up to (符合标准) traditional gasoline cars?

    Electric and gasoline vehicles look similar on the outside. They have very different parts under their hoods. though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars literally have hundreds of parts, often requiring frequent maintenance (保养) Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.

    Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about $1. 00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about $1. 25 to go 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.

    Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.

    While some details make electric cars seem attractive, other details aren't as favorable. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge (充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.

    An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged. Therefore, a gas car would be a better option (选择) if you have far to drive. And electric cars aren't as convenient (方便的) to power up as gas cars are. There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars. Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.

    There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It's good to know that there is an option.

Electric cars vs Gasoline cars
Introduction	With the appearance of electric cars, people wonder whether electric cars can achieve the  standards as gasoline cars.
Similarity	Electric cars and gasoline cars look similar on the outside.
	Electric cars ● Having fewer parts reduces the  of their maintenance and the  of having mechanical problems. ●  with gasoline cars, electric cars are more energy-saving, making them cheaper to operate. ● Having no tailpipe emissions, they are more environmentally . ● It  more time for electric cars to get charged. Gasoline cars ● Gas cars can cover a  distance on a full tank than electric cars on a full charge． ● Gas cars are more  to power up.
Conclusion	Both electric cars and gasoline cars have their own benefits. which provides people with a .

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

    Do you sleep well every night? Studies show if we have a good rest, we must have more energy to study. At the same time, we will be healthier.

    The seep environment is very important to us. The bedroom is the main place where we sleep at night, so its environment directly affects the quality of our sleep.  . So we should advise our parents to pay attention to our bedroom environment.

     . The bedroom light should be neither too bright nor too dark. If the light is too dark, it will affect people's eyesight. If the light is too bright, it can affect the speed of falling asleep. So we should choose a kind of yellow light that gives feeling of warmth.

     . Many old people like to put a lot of flowers in the bedroom. Of course these flowers can make us relaxed and feel well. But there are too many plants in the bedroom, which can really affect people's sleep quality.  .

    Our bedroom should be ventilated (通风) often.  . Otherwise, we may find it difficult to breathe, which can affect our sleep quality.

A. We should sleep at night with windows open.

B. Our bedroom should have proper light.

C. We should pay attention to our eyesight.

D. There shouldn't be too many flowers in our bedroom.

E. And good sleep plays an important role in our health.

F. So don't put too many plants in our bedroom.

G. We should often open the window so that fresh air can come in.

补全短文。根据短文内容, 从短文后的A~F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。

Close friends, think alike?

    "What! You, too? I believed I was the only one. "Have you ever said something like this to someone?

    It seems that similarity often helps form friendship. The Greek thinker Aristotle once said, "People regard friendship as a matter of similarity; they say that we love those who are like our-selves." Scientists from University of California said friends have similar behaviors,Scientific Americanreported.

    The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in a test. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match. According to their scans, friends who watched the same video reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that are connected with motivation (动机), learning and memory.

"Seeing one's friends have similar behaviors will reinforce (强化) one's own values, opinions, and interests, "lead scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider. Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone. The scientists did a test with first-year college students the first time they met in class. In this test, students who sat in neighboring seats were more likely to become friends.

A. Now, there is some science behind this idea. B. If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person. C. Friends share a lot of similarities, though there are some differences. D. But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship. E. However, people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same videos. F. At the same time, scientists scanned their brains and recorded their brain activity.

阅读配对，配对阅读，左栏是五个人遇到的问题，右栏是七则建议，请为每个人选择合适的建议。

Sarah has some problems in her English study. She tries her best, but she is still poor at English. She doesn't know what to do. John has trouble in falling asleep at night. He can't go to sleep though he is tired. This makes him tired and nervous. Tim likes eating junk food very much, such as hamburgers. As a result, he becomes fatter and fatter. Grace is very sad because she has a quarrel with her best friend. She doesn't know whether they can be good friends again. Tina is a shy girl. She is afraid of speaking in public. She becomes nervous when she speaks in front of other people. She doesn't know what to do.

A. I think a good talk with your friend is necessary for you. If it is you who make the mistake, you should say "sorry" to her. Communication is the best way to solve the problem. B. Practice makes perfect. If you want to learn English well, you should practice more. Watching English movies is helpful. And you can remember English words before sleeping or after getting up. C. You should drink much more water. You'd better have a day off and have a good rest. If necessary, a doctor can help you. D. Don't get too excited before going to bed. You can drink a glass of milk but not coffee. If it doesn't work, you'd better go to see a doctor. E. You'd better have a good plan for your study. Make a good schedule according to all the subjects that you learn. Listen to the teachers carefully when you are having lessons. F. You should pay more attention to your eating habits. You shouldn't eat much junk food. Instead, you should eat more fruit and vegetables. Doing exercise every day can also help you. G. You should be more self-confident. Try to join some clubs, take part in some parties, and make more friends. I'm sure you will not be so nervous as before.

任务型阅读

Songs about growing up

    Thousands of songs about growing up are available (可得到的). They can always get a response (反应) from teenagers in some way. While listening to the songs, old or new, teenagers can always feel themselves or understand themselves.

a. Songs about being a teenager

    Growing up isn't always easy. Teens always want to be independent, but parents have a hard time letting go. There can be moments of worry, uncertainty, and even anger. Some songs speak of those feelings and can help them get through this period.

b. Songs about ____________

    As teenagers grow, they're likely looking toward the day when they'll be able to work hard to achieve their dreams. The Westlife's songI have a dreamis well-known. The key lyrics (歌词) are "I have a dream, a song to sing. To help me cope(处理) with anything…You can take the future even if you fail". This song has encouraged so many teenagers to fight for their dreams.

c. Graduation Songs

    Graduation songsusually speak of the joy of this season of their life. These songs are perfect for graduation parties and get-togethers with friends. As they graduate, they can sing "Today is where your book begins, the rest is still unwritten..."

    When teenagers grow up, they find childhood is a bittersweet (苦乐参半的) time.They've looked forward to the day for so many years and finally it is here.However, they may not be sure about whether they're ready for it. At this time, listening to songs about the sweet days of childhood can always make them relaxed.

根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。

    My mother is cool — much cooler than most people. I give her full credit for making me the person who I am today. To thank her, I'd like to share some of the things she taught me.

    ⒈

    No matter how hard things got, my mom could always joke about them. It has taught me things are never, ever, end-of-the-world kind of bad. I'm sure this has made me a more relaxed person.

    ⒉

    My mother made her own clothes she felt like wearing. Soon enough, people asked her to make clothes, and it turned into a full-time business. That shows me how you can set up your own business by expressing yourself truthfully.

    ⒊

    As a creative, my mother always encouraged us to do imaginative things for enjoyment and discouraged TV. We dressed up in costumes, drew pictures, and sang at the top of our lungs. Today, I am a very fun person to be with.

    ⒋

    My mom has always pushed me towards becoming independent. Not for her good, but for mine. I made my own decisions without her trying to manage me. Because of this, I grow up to be completely independent.

    ⒌

    Growing up, I've made my fair share of mistakes. Instead of saying "I told you so", my mom always let me work things out myself. She was also there to help me pick up the pieces, if I ever needed help.

For all that you've done and everything that you are — thank you, mom!

A. Imagination has no end.

B. Independence is important.

C. Self-expression leads to self-achievement.

D. Mistakes are OK as long as you learn from them.

E. Being hopeful is the key to turning things around.

任务型阅读

    You might think the largest library in the world would be in Europe. But it isn't. It's in Washington, D. C. It's called the Library of Congress.

    President John Adams started the library in 1800 for members of Congress. He wanted them to be able to read books about law. The first 740 books were bought in England. They were simply set up in the room where Congress met. Then Thomas Jefferson sold Congress may of his own books. He felt Congress should have books on all subjects, not just on law. This idea changed the library fundamentally.

    The library grew and grew. Now it covers acres of land. It has 20 million books as well as scores of pictures, movies, globes and machines. Experts in every field work there. Hundreds of people call every day with all kinds of questions. Many of them get answers right over the phone.

    The library is a huge storehouse. Thomas Edison's first movie and Harry Houdini's magic books reside there. And it is the proud owner of the world's best collection of comic books.

The Library in the World
Location of the library	The largest library in the world is not in . In fact, It's in Washington, D.C. of the USA.
Purpose of the library	The library was started by President John Adams in 1800. He wanted the members of Congress to be able to read books about .
Area of the library	The library has larger and larger. Now it covers acres of land.
of the library	It has 20 million books as well as scores of pictures, movies, globes and machines. Thomas Edison's first movie and Harry Houdini's magic books are also collected there.

根据短文内容，从下面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    COVID-19 (新冠病毒) has stopped people from working for several months. In recent days, many people have returned to work. Here is some advice.

    When commuting (通勤)

    Avoid taking public transport. If you have to take public transport, you shall wear a face mask (口罩) through the ride and try to avoid touching objects in the vehicles (车辆) with your hands.

    Entering the workplace

    Wear a face mask and receive body temperature check before entering the office building. You must pass the body temperature check before being allowed in. If you have signs such as fever, please go to the fever office of a hospital at once.

    Using a lift

    Avoid using the lift if you are going to or leaving lower floors. Use the stairs instead. Stand clear of lift doors while waiting.

    In offices

    Do it three times a day for 15 minutes to half an hour each time. You can only get infected (感染的) if the virus builds up in large numbers. Fresh air can stop the virus from building up.

    Keep healthy habits such as eating a healthy diet, exercising and getting enough sleep. They can improve your immunity (免疫力).

A. Try to walk, cycle or drive to your office instead.

B. What steps of prevention (预防) and control are needed?

C. Do not stand face to face with people while waiting.

D. Open windows to let fresh air in during the day.

E. Wash hands in time.

阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题，（请注意问题后的词数要求）

    [1] It's Friday evening. My daughters sighed(叹息) when I gently took the iPads away from theirlaps. One by one, our screens were turned off. We lit the candles and sat downto have a big meal.

   [2] We call it our "Technology Shabbat" (科技安息日) which lasts from sunset (日落) on Friday to sunset onSaturday. Now most friends know they will not be able to contact (联系) us by using computers or mobile phones for 24 hours.

   [3] I first understood theimportance of "Technology Shabbat" in2008, when my father had got brain cancer. Some days he would have only onegood hour, and the only thing I wanted to do was to be with him. When I looked

根据短文内容，从短文后的方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    In recent years, a growing number of Chinese books and movies have been translated into other languages. They have been learning Chinese and are interested in Chinese culture. Anna is one of them, Before she translated Jin Yong's novelLegends of the Candor Heroes(《射雕英雄传》), the writer was little known to English readers.

    But Anna managed to do it. Impressed (使……印象深刻) by the book's themes (主题) of good against evil, loyalty (忠诚) and love, as well as Chinese philosophy (哲学), Anna hoped to bring it to new readers. After five years of work, the translated book was published in 2018. Many people think Anna did a good job.

    Anna studied at the University of Oxford. After the trip she became interested in China and began to learn Chinese. She calls herself "a clumsy (笨拙的) student, just like Guo Jing fromLegends of the Condor Heroes, but one of loyal heart".

    Last year, he translated the animated movieNe Zha. He said, "I see China's stronger cultural influences. And we have a growing number of students majoring in Chinese. More Chinese stories will appear in front of new audiences."

A. Like Anna, another translator David also learned Chinese in college. B. She took a trip to China at the age of 21. C. Many of the translators are young people. D. One reason for this was that his works were too hard to translate. E. It was reprinted (再版) seven times within several months in the UK.

阅读下面短文，回答问题。

writing brush          ink stick               paper               ink stone

    In China, writing brushes, ink sticks, paper and ink stones are called the Four Treasures of Study. Among the high-quality (质量) treasures, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the best-known.

    The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on painted potteries (陶器). They are mainly made of the hair of animals. Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasel's (鼬) tail hair are called langhao. Their artistic effects (效果) in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens.

The ink stick is the pigment (颜料) used in writing and painting. The ink stick produced in Huizhou is of high quality. A story goes like this: Two famous skilled men Xi Chao and his son produced a kind of high-quality ink stick. As a result, the Emperor Li Yu in the Southern Tang Dynasty agreed to give them the family name "Li". From then on, the fame of the Li Ink Stick was widespread. In the Song Dynasty, its producing area was changed into Huizhou, anditwas then called the Hui Ink Stick.

Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China. The famous xuan paper appeared in the Sui and Tang dynasties. In Xuanzhou, Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced, it's said that Cai Lun's pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper. Later he happened to see the ebony (檀木) in the rivers. It was wet with the water and turned white. Then he used the bark (树皮) to produce the world-famous xuan paper.

    The ink stone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty. The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones - Duan Ink Stone. She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone. They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项使短文通顺连贯，其中有两项是多余选项。

    Winston Churchill once said, "We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give." These are certainly words that millions of volunteers around the world could agree with.

    In the US, April is National Volunteer Month, to praise and thank volunteers who lend their time, talent, and support to what they care about.

    People who volunteer spend their time doing things they feel strongly about. For example, animal lovers may volunteer at an animal centre to help improve the treatment of animals.

    Volunteering allows volunteers to meet new people, try out new skills and explore career choices.

    Take Andrew Makhoul, a student at the University of Pennsylvania, as an example. Andrew didn't spend his last spring break relaxing. Instead, the 19-year-old boy decided to do something for people who were less lucky than himself. He travelled to an orphanage (孤儿院) in Guatemala in Central America. And it depends on volunteers to stay open.

    Andrew doesn't speak much Spanish, but he found communication wasn't a problem, "You communicated with love," according to an article on his university's website. And what he gave out, he got back, "" Andrew's first time as a volunteer only lasted a week, but by the end of that week, he knew he'd be back soon — because he saw love and hope.

    US author Sherry Anderson once wrote, "" And this is perhaps why volunteers all around the world keep doing what they do — their work is "priceless".
 

A. It is in one of the poorest parts of the country.

B. You could see love when you looked in their eyes.

C. Volunteering means choosing to work without being paid.

D. It's a chance for poor children to get better care and support.

E. Life will be difficult, but I have the confidence to live a happy, full life.

F. For young adults, valuable lessons may also be learned through volunteering.

G. Volunteers don't get paid, not because they're worthless, but because they're priceless.

根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。

    Many kids go camping during the summer. Usually, they start camp (露营) in the morning and go home in the afternoon. That is called day camp. Nowadays, another kind of camp, sleep-away camp, is becoming popular with kids. It's called sleep-away camp because they stay overnight (过夜) there. It's a kind of vacation for kids, but without their parents. Kids usually spend a week in attending sleep-away camp. It offers much more excitement because they'll be there all day and night, eating their meals, playing games and communicating with others. They'll sleep in a cabin (小屋) with the other kids attending the camp. They have to share the bathroom with the other kids.

    If you go to a sleep-away camp for the first time, you'll feel excited and maybe a little nervous. Be proud of yourself for being old enough to go camping. It is a chance to try new things. It's also a chance to learn about being independent. Are you looking forward to attending such a camp in your summer vacation?

阅读短文，根据其内容完成文后的表格。

    Trash collection is problem for Curitiba. First, the city has only one landfill. Second, its garbage trucks do not fit on some of the streets in the city's low- income (低收入) neighborhoods. Curitiba knew the solution lay in getting everyone involved (参加) .

    In 1989, the city started a recycling program called Garbage That Is Not Garbage. The city set up a central recycling center for sorting (把…分类) recyclable materials, food-based and waste. Colorful cartoon characters were symbols of different kinds of recyclable materials, which could help children get to know the importance of recycling. Collection bins were the same colors as the cartoons, reinforcing (加强) the message. People made money by picking up the trash at these bins and taking it to the center for processing. Today, Curitiba claims to have the highest recycling rate of any city in the world.

    Câmbio Verde, the Green Exchange program, and Compra do Lixo, the Buying of Garbage program, are successful recycling programs in Curitiba. They get low-income- residents (居民) to join in the city's recycling program by having them transport trash from neighborhoods that are hard for garbage trucks to reach.

    Depending on what they deliver, people exchange their trash for cash, food and services. Their way of life is improved, and the city is better able to manage its trash. These programs are one way Curitiba has gotten creative as a green city. It shows how involving everyone can make green living possible.

Trading in on Trash
Paragraph	Main idea	Supporting details
One	for Curitiba's trash collection problem	★There is only one landfill in Curitiba. ★ cannot reach every corner of the city.
Two	Actions and influences of Garbage That Is Not Garbage	★A central recycling center  by the government. ★Kids understood the importance of recycling better. ★Curitiba's' recycling rate is pretty high.
Three	Cmbio Verde's and Compra do Lixo's ways of involving low-income residents	★They make low-income residents  from their neighborhoods to certain places.
Four	Results of recycling programs and conclusion	★People's way of life is improved. ★Curitiba can manage its trash better ★Everyone  in making green living possible.