问题提出:
最长边长为128的整数边三角形有多少个?(整数边三角形是指三边长度都是整数的三角形.)
问题探究:
为了探究规律,我们先从最简单的情形入手,从中找到解决问题的方法,最后得出一般性的结论.
①如表①,最长边长为1的整数边三角形,显然,最短边长是1,第三边长也是1.按照(最长边长,最短边长,第三边长)的形式记为
, 有1个,所以总共有
个整数边三角形.
表①
最长边长 | 最短边长 | (最长边长,最短边长,第三边长) | 整数边三角形个数 | 计算方法 | 算式 |
1 | 1 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 1 | 1个1 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C3%97%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) |
②如表②,最长边长为2的整数边三角形,最短边长是1或2.根据三角形任意两边之和大于第三边,当最短边长为1时,第三边长只能是2,记为
, 有1个;当最短边长为2时,显然第三边长也是2,记为
, 有1个,所以总共有
个整数边三角形.
表②
最长边长 | 最短边长 | (最长边长,最短边长,第三边长) | 整数边三角形个数 | 计算方法 | 算式 |
2 | 1 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 1 | 2个1 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C3%97%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) |
2 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 1 |
③下面在表③中总结最长边长为3的整数边三角形个数情况:
表③
最长边长 | 最短边长 | (最长边长,最短边长,第三边长) | 整数边三角形个数 | 计算方法 | 算式 |
3 | 1 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 1 | 2个2 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C3%97%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) |
2 | , ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 2 |
3 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 1 |
④下面在表④中总结最长边长为4的整数边三角形个数情况:
表④
最长边长 | 最短边长 | (最长边长,最短边长,第三边长) | 整数边三角形个数 | 计算方法 | 算式 |
4 | 1 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 1 | 3个2 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C3%97%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) |
2 | , ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 2 |
3 | , ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 2 |
4 | ![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%28%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmo%3E%29%3C%2Fmo%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E) | 1 |