辽宁省大连市金普新区省示范性高中联合体2021-2022学年高三下学期英语2月第四阶段考试（开学考试）

There are many oceans and lakes in the United States where you can gain unexpected experiences. Here are some of most stunning ones found throughout the United States.

Ocracoke Beach, North Carolina

Ocracoke Island has 16 miles of undeveloped sandy shoreline. It is a barrier island of the Outer Banks of North Carolina, and it is a part of the Cape Hatteras National Seashore. Ocracoke is fairly remote and can only be reached by public ferry, private boat or private plane. The beach is perfect for swimming, fishing, surfing, sunbathing, fishing and even camping. Certain portions of the beautiful sandy beach can be enjoyed by off-road vehicles.

Sand Beach, Maine

Located on Mt. Desert Island, Sand Beach offers visitors to Maine an amazing beach destination. Visitors to Acadia National Park have the opportunity to enjoy all of the beauty and excitement of this park. This beach is wonderfully sandy and is even a safe place to enjoy swimming. Bordered on both sides by rocky headlands, visitors can also appreciate the tide pools as well as some unique wildlife living in the headlines.

Poipu Beach, Kauai, Hawaii

Widely considered to be one of the most beautiful beaches in the United States if not the world, Poipu Beach is located on the south shore of Kauai and is part of Poipu Beach Park. The beach is composed of a string of golden sandy crescent shaped beaches. Visitors to Poipu can have hours of fun snorkeling, boogie- boarding, swimming, and surfing. The best surfing spots are located slightly offshore, the reef establishes wavebreaks which make good surfing for surfers of all experience levels.

South Ocean Beach, Mary land

Located on the fascinating Assateague Island, South Ocean Beach is a beautiful Atlantic coast beach. This shoreline is drivable, giving visitors the opportunities to enjoy all the miles of the beach and all of the activities of the beach, South Ocean Beach even offers some fantastic surfing conditions in the region as well.

As an educator and health care provider, I have worked with numerous children infected with the virus that causes AlDS. The relationships that I have had with these special kids have been gifts in my life. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great courage can be found in the smallest of packages. Let me tell you about Tyler.

Tyler was born infected with HIV: his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications to enable him to survive. When he was five, he had a tube inserted (插入) in a vein in his chest. This tube was connected to a pump, which he carried in a small backpack on his back. Medications were linked to this pump and continuously supplied through this tube to his bloodstream. At times, he also needed supplemented(补充的) oxygen to support his breathing.

Tyler was unwilling to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not unusual to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-laden backpack and dragging his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon. All of us who knew Tyler were amazed at his pure joy in being alive and the energy it gave him. Tyler's mom often teased him by telling him that he moved so fast that she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly spot him.

This dreaded disease eventually wore down even the likes of a little dynamo like Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately, so did his HIV-infected mother. When it became apparent that he wasn't going to survive, Tyler's mom talked to him about death. She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven.

 A few days before his death, Tyler called me over to his hospital bed and whispered, "I might die soon. I'm not scared. When I die, please dress me in red. Mom promised she's coming to heaven, too. I'll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me."

Roboticists at the University of California San Diego have developed an affordable, easy to use system to track the location of flexible surgical robots inside the human body. The system performs as well as current state of the art methods, but the whole system, including the robot, magnets and magnet localization setup, costs around $100. Many current methods also require exposure to radiation, while this system does not.

The system was developed by Tania Morimoto, a professor of mechanical engineering at the Jacobs School of Engineering at UC San Diego, and mechanical engineering Ph. D. student Connor Watson.

"Continuum medical robots work really well in highly constrained (受限的) environments inside the body," Morimoto said. "But it becomes a lot harder to track their location and their shape inside the body." The researchers used existing magnet localization methods, which work very much like GPS, to develop a computer model that predicts the robot's location.

GPS satellites ping (发送) smartphones and based on how long it takes for the signal to arrive, the GPS receiver in the smartphone can determine where the cell phone is. Similarly, researchers know how strong the magnetic field should be around the magnet placed in the robot. They rely on four sensors that are carefully spaced around the area where the robot operates to measure the magnetic field strength. Based on how strong the field is, they are able to determine where the tip of the robot is.

Morimoto and Watson went a step further. They then trained a neural network to learn the difference between what the sensors were reading and what the model said the sensors should be reading. As a result, they improved localization accuracy to track the tip of the robot. "Ideally we are hoping that our localization tools can help improve these kinds of growing robot technologies. We do want to push this research forward so that we can test our system in a clinical setting and eventually translate it into clinical use," Morimoto said.

Please take a few seconds and think of your personal biggest goal. Imagine telling someone you meet today what you're going to do. Imagine their congratulations and their high image of you. Doesn't it feel good to say it out loud? Don't you feel one step closer already? Well, bad news: you should have kept your mouth shut, because that good feeling will make you less likely to do it.

Any time you have a goal, there is some work that needs to be done to achieve it. Ideally, you would not be satisfied until you'd actually done the work. But when you tell someone your goal and he acknowledges（认可） it, psychologists have found it's called a "social reality". The mind is kind of tricked into a feeling that it's already done. And then, because you've felt that satisfaction, you're less motivated to do the actual necessary hard work. This goes against the traditional wisdom that we should tell our friends our goals, right?

In 1982, Peter Gollwitzer, a professor of psychology, wrote a whole book about this. And in 2009, he did some new tests that were published. It goes like this: 163 people across four separate tests—everyone wrote down their personal goal. Then half of them announced their commitment to this goal to the room, and half didn't. Then everyone was given 45 minutes of work that would directly lead them towards their goal, but they were told that they could stop at any time .Now those who kept their mouths shut worked the entire 45 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said they felt they had a long way to go to achieve their goal. But those who had announced it quit after only 33 minutes on average, and when asked afterwards, said that they felt much closer to achieving their goal.

You've decided your child is spoiled（宠坏的），and you want to do something about it. Is it too late? Not necessarily.  Here are four tips from an expert for getting your child to behave well.

 You've spoiled your child by giving him or her too much for too little. You can correct this by helping your child to learn to work harder for rewards and understand that not all good behavior is rewarded. For example, at first, insist that your daughter put a few toys away before she gets a snack, and gradually increase the amount of work required for each reward.

Don't overreact to crying. When children don't get what they want, their natural behavior is to cry. If you react every time your child cries, you may be denying（拒绝给予） him or her an important chance to learn something.

Prepare for a fight. At the beginning, children's demands will increase when they find out parents are not going to give them the new toys they want. When it happens, be careful not to give in just because the child shouts.   

Stick to the program.  That' s not necessarily a bad thing. It means the requirements are getting stricter and that your child is accepting changes. Remember： Give it time, and don't give up.

A. Make changes slowly.

B. Cut down on rewards.

C. Try your best to comfort the child.

D. Rather, wait until the child calms down.

E. Your child will probably be upset when you begin making changes.

F. There is little doubt that things will get worse before they get better.

G.As a parent, you need to know when to comfort a child and when to simply walk away.

I walked around to the side of a puddle along the path covered by water and mud. I was suddenly attacked! Yet I did 1 , for it was so unpredictable. I stepped back and my attacker 2 attacking me. Instead, he flied in the air with its graceful wings in front of me. If I had been hurt, I wouldn't have found it amusing but I was unhurt, it was 3 and I was laughing. After all, I was being attacked by a butterfly!

I took a step forward, and my attacker rushed me again. He pushed and 4 me in the chest with his head and body over and over again with all his might. It's just not everyday that one is 5 by a butterfly, so I stopped to find out the 6 . My attacker moved back as well to 7 on the ground. That's when I discovered why my attacker was 8 me only moments earlier. His mate beside the puddle where he landed was dying.

Sitting close beside her, he opened and closed his wings as if to fan her. I could only admire the love and courage of that butterfly in his 9 for his mate, even though she was 10  dying and obviously I was so large. He did so just to give her those extra few 11 moments of life. Now I knew why and what he was 12  . I couldn't do anything other than reward him by changing my 13 to the more difficult side of the puddle. He had truly 14 those moments to be with her, undisturbed. I cleaned the mud from my boots and left.

Since then, I've always tried to remember the courage of that butterfly 15 I see huge barriers facing me. I always use it as an inspiration to remind myself that good things are worth striving for.

    NASA has a new job listing, and it's no joke. The US space agency is looking for a "joker" to join their(plan) mission to Mars.

A mission to Mars is no laughing matter.is known that Mars is 225 million kilometers away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. "When you're living with others in a confined (封闭的) space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely(happen)" Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida,(say) to the Guardian. This is probablyNASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. "These are people that have the(able) to pull everyone together." Johnson said.

    In(stress) situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren't alone. We can share our stress by(laugh) together. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying.

But if you're hoping that your favorite TV comedian will fly to Mars, that(possible) won't happen. "Being funny won't be enough to land somebody the job," Johnson said, "They also need to be an excellent scientist and engineer." Besides, it's required that they(be) in top physical condition.

假定你是李华，在一所国际学校就读。近期你校将推广普及垃圾分类，目前正在招募志愿者。请你用英文向负责老师Mr. Hawk 提出申请，内容包括：

1）写作目的；

2）申请理由；

3）期待加入。

注意：1）词数80字左右。

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：垃圾分类 garbage sorting

Dear Mr. Hawk,

"Mom！" I screamed as I looked through the window, "Why is my Ink Spot sitting in Mrs. Cleary's window？"

Mom pushed past me to confirm it. Sure enough, across the street was Ink Spot cleaning himself in the window of Mrs. Cleary's sitting room. I couldn't believe my eyes. He was my cat, not Mrs. Cleary's. She had already adopted twelve cats. Why must she keep my cat？I could feel anger boiling up inside me. Meanwhile, Ink Spot's leaving without any signs upset me. A sense of being left out hit me hard.

Ink Spot was special for me. After my baby sister's birth, "my" parents' time was taken by her. It seemed no one in the family cared about or even noticed me. Worse still, I was packed off to a kindergarten. I hated being left out from the bottom of my heart.

It was when mom noticed me weeping in a corner one night that things began to change. After that, Ink Spot came into my life. Every night, he curled（卷曲）up beside me in bed and he was there for me after school when I raced home just to be with him.

I fell in love with Ink Spot the first time I saw its tiny black and white kitten, for which I called him Ink Spot. Mom and daddy beamed with pleasure as my eyes danced with joy again. It was the first time that I had smiled since my little baby sister came into the family. As for me, he was more than a cat. Actually, he was my life.

But today when I came home, Ink Spot was in Mrs. Cleary's window. I wanted him back. But mom insisted that if Ink Spot stayed at Mrs. Cleary's, that meant it was where he wanted to be. "No！Mom, Ink Spot is my cat", I protested wildly but I had to admit the truth of mom's words. Standing on the sidewalk, I was at a loss as to what to do. Staring at Ink Spot for a while, I couldn't stand the anger any longer.

注意：1）续写词数应为150左右；

2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I walked towards Mrs. Cleary's house hurriedly and knocked at the door angrily.

Upon seeing me, Ink Spot jumped off the window, running towards me in a flash.