江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高二下学期英语期终考试试题（音频暂未更新）

BRIEFLY NOTED

My Fourth Time, We Drowned, by Sally Hayden. In 2018, Hayden, an Irish journalist, received a Facebook message from a man kept in a refugee (难民) camp, which afforded her a window into the horrors faced by African refugees. Through interviews with people involved, Hayden learns they are abused and sold as goods without mercy and how Western institutions like the European Union turn a blind eye.

Dream-Child, by Eric G. Wilson. This exciting representation of Charles Lamb is the first full-length biography (传记) of the Romantic-era essayist and poet since 1905. Perhaps best remembered as the co-author, with his sister, Mary, of Tales from Shakespeare, Lamb cared for his sister, who was in poor health. While faced with depression, Lamb was identified as a pioneer and his essays exhibited a look at modern city life.

Run and Hide, by Pankaj Mishra. Mishra's novel follows three college classmates desperate to escape their lower-middle-class situation, casting a critical eye on self-made men. While two of them struggle with the heights they have reached, the narrator avoids becoming trapped in similar situations by returning to a mountain village to work as a translator. Written clearly, the novel gives the readers an insight into the ideas of freedom.

The White Girl, by Tony Birch. This novel, set in a remote Australian town in the nineteen-sixties, centers on an Indigenous (土著的) woman, Odette, and her granddaughter. As Odette attempts to protect her granddaughter, she finds inequality in society. Birch illustrates how Australia's policies treated the Indigenous people unfairly.

Located 150 miles south of mainland Australia, Tasmania is known for its wildlife and landscape, including unique plant and animal species. Perhaps its most famous native animal is the Tasmanian devil, a small but violent animal. The island was also home to a large wolf-like Tasmanian tiger. It lived among the island's famous giant tree ferns (树蕨), but was hunted by people until the last known animal died in a zoo in 1936.

A team of Australian scientists have discovered that Tasmania is now carbon negative, meaning it absorbs more carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) than it gives off. The team say their findings show the importance of forests in fighting climate change.

Large quantities of CO₂ act as a greenhouse gas, trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere and causing climate change. Many countries have plans to become "carbon neutral" (碳中和), but Tasmania is one of the first places in the world to go carbon negative.

The fact came to light when a team from Australian National University (ANU)looked into the CO₂ emissions (排放) of each Australian state. CO₂ is produced by activities such as burning coal, oil and gas for power, but is also released when forests are cut down—especially if the wood is used to make paper and similar products. On the other hand, living forests absorb large amounts of CO₂. In 2011, campaigners blocked plans to build a large new paper factory in Tasmania, leading to a large decline in cutting down Tasmania's forests. Consequently, CO₂ emissions dropped sharply and allowed forests to continue growing instead. Much of Tasmania's power comes from hydroelectricity, which does not give off CO₂.

Scientists say that Tasmania's achievement shows the important role of forests in managing CO₂. They say preserving forests around the world could help many countries to absorb more CO₂. "We need to store a lot more carbon in the environment," explained Professor David Lindemayer of ANU, adding that "the most effective place to do that is in forests."

Currently, video calls are becoming familiar challenges as the COVID-19 forces workers to communicate from their homes and offices.

Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates: as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures (手势) in an attempt to make up.

"The gestures we make while talking, as well as other visual signals, are truly important and integrated aspects of how we communicate," said Dr. James Trujillo, the first author of the research at Radboud University, in the Netherlands.

Trujillo said previous research had shown that when we cannot hear someone well, we speak louder, while the team's recent work shows that when a video call is very noisy, people make their gestures more noticeable. Trujillo and his colleagues reported in a journal how they analyzed video calls between 20 pairs of participants, who sat in separate rooms and chatted freely to each other over a Zoom-like video call for 40 minutes. Over the course of the call, the quality of the video was changed in 10 steps between excellent and completely unclear, with half of the pairs experiencing improving video quality, and half experiencing it in the opposite way. The video quality during the call at each step was the same for both participants. The research tracked the participants' gestures and aspects of their speech.

The team added that when gestures were not being used, speech was unaffected by decreases in visibility. However, when gestures were used, volume increased by up to five decibels (分贝) as video quality deteriorated, and then remained at this higher level as video quality decreased further—in other words, when gestures ceased to be useful at all.

"They know that the gestures being produce are vital to their communication, but their partner is going to have a harder time seeing them. So they increase the strength of the other signal—speech." he said.

Susan, a school teacher, has been a source of love for her students and many people. She helped a friend raise funds for adoption, made quilts (被子), sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.

One might think that she is too busy doing things for others and does not have any concerns. Sadly, her husband is bating cancer for the third time now. Her small salary is not enough to cover all of their expenses.

Thankfully, Secret Santa stepped in secretly. He works with East Idaho News, led by Nate Eaton, who goes around Idaho spreading holiday cheer this season.

The big day came, and Nate paid this great teacher a surprise visit in the middle of her class. "We're here because a Secret Santa wants to give presents to your teacher," he said. Her students shouted in chorus for Susan to open gifts at once. Judging from the way she looked, she seemed to be holding back her tears. She was handed the first box containing $1,000 worth of gift cards from a Craft Store. She loves to visit the store, but never buys things at a regular price. Then, she opened the second box where lay a check for a thousand dollars. She, as well as her students, was obviously astonished.

Susan appreciated the gifts a lot. But there's more! A gift larger than life was outside waiting for its owner. She was given a box with car keys inside. The kids burst into applause, truly happy for their dear teacher. Out of their school, she couldn't believe a blue Chevrolet car was hers now.

Interestingly, though also in need, this woman still thought about whom she could help and where the gift should go. No wonder many people, including her students' parents, love her a lot.

Indeed helping and loving people is not in vain. May we also be generous in giving out love and joy not only this season but at all times.

Tom told himself that 2022 was going to be the year when he finally got his life together. So on New Year's Eve of 2021, he wrote out all of his New Year's resolutions. As Tom was writing them down, he got really excited and even became proud of himself, just for thinking of doing all these things.He took full advantage of his time to work out.

"You're not going to work out when you are tired," Tom told himself. He didn't really feel like eating salad. What he felt like eating was a big, juicy burger. And again Tom told himself that "I've been working really hard over the past few weeks. I deserve a day off."

Over the next few weeks, Tom's good habits started to slow down. He started to sleep in a little bit. He would skip a gym session occasionally, and then almost all of Tom's good habits were gone.

Personally, I can totally relate with Tom, and some of you probably can too. Why did Tom and most people not stick with their good new habit?You might ask yourself, "Well, how can I really acquire it?" Honestly, there isn't a simple answer to this, but the best answer is to just think about what you are committing to.

Creating great habits is kind of building a house. Your habits are like bricks.Without it, that house will definitely collapse and you will probably end up exactly where you left off. That is exactly what sets successful people apart from unsuccessful people.

A. Why did his New Year's resolutions fall apart?

B. Basically he ended up exactly where he started.

C. Commitment is like the glue that holds bricks in place.

D. However, one day he found himself gaining 7 kilograms.

E. As the New Year came around, Tom started off really strong.

F. However, one day after work, he didn't really feel like going to the gym.

G. The main reason is that they don't possess something called commitment.

A couple of years ago, I was on a flight by myself. When I was sitting quietly in my chair, a man1and sat down next to me without2me. As the plane was ready to take off, the man started shaking, sweating and3uncomfortably in his chair.

The plane began4and the man started getting stressed out. Not knowing what to do, I was5terrified. I could just focus on my6, 5 in, 5 out. As time7, I suddenly noticed on my lap the book I was reading beforehand. I noticed the line that I8for myself to read—When9is present in us, we bring awareness to it and smile to it.

The man10the book, too. Without thinking twice, I offered it to him and said, "It's a great book." The man took it and11me, asking, "What's it about?" "About peace," I12instantly.

The man read it a little bit and then looked back at me, requesting, "Where are you from?" Although I was sill13, I took a deep breath and said, "I'm from Israel." Hearing my answer, he gradually got quiet. Before I knew it, this complete stranger just 10 minutes ago shared with me pictures of his family and even one very14fact about him that he was afraid of flying.

Our real power as human beings is our ability to15the fear inside and to choose to act differently and the change has to begin with us.

Nanjing silk brocade (织棉) , also called yunjin,(literal) means cloud-pattern brocade because it is as beautiful as the clouds during sunset. For more than 1600 years, weavers (织工) in Nanjing, home to six famous ancient capitals of China,(make) brocades in a unique way.

Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics(be) Nanjing yunjin, which integrates the excellent tradition of brocade in previous dynasties into the(value) experience of other silk weaving processes. Yunjin has a special process, operation difficulty and technical requirements.

Nanjing yunjin is a craft(手工艺) (date) back to 417 AD. In 2006, Nanjing yunjin weaving machines and skills were put on the list of the first state-level cultural heritage(遗产) with the(approve) of the Chinese government. In 2009, it was selected and addedthe UNESCO list. Yunjin was used as another calling card for Nanjing at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games,all the items used were made of Nanjing silk brocade.

(survive) dynasties and wars, Nanjing yunjin proves its great vitality. We hold the beliefit will be passed down from generation to generation and presented in a modernized way to the people at home and abroad.

1）时间、地点；2）讲座内容。

注意：

1）写作词数应为80左右；

2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Mr. Smith,

……

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

During my first year as a middle school math teacher, I designed and tried a classroom money system to motivate and engage my students. Each day, students who came to class well prepared earned a salary of 25 "royal" dollars. From the salary earned, the students paid monthly rent on their chairs and taxes on their classroom materials. My goals for the program were to help students learn the importance of financial management while promoting positive classroom behavior.

I gave students daily opportunities to earn additional salary such as 10 dollars for catching my errors, 50 dollars for good mathematical arguments, and 100 dollars for outdoing an assessment. Students put any money they earned in our class bank. As the banker, I maintained the accounts and informed students of dangerously low balances. After all, students knew what happened when they didn't have the money to pay rent, and none wanted to lose his or her chair. After the students paid their rent, taxes and any fines, they could spend their remaining money on class auction (拍卖) items like snacks and school supplies.

My system worked beautifully and the students were fully engaged. They soon realized that use of inappropriate language or coming late to class was not financially beneficial.

Three weeks into school Mayra met me at the door with a question.

"How much would it cost to buy my chair?"

"Buy your chair?"

"Well, if I could buy my chair, I won't have to pay you rent each month. Then I'll have more money to spend at the auction."

"If you prefer to save your money and purchase your chair, you can buy it for 600 dollars."

"So if I sit on the floor for twenty more days, I'll have enough money to buy my chair?"

"Absolutely!"

She and several of her table mates began to gather their materials and returned to the floor of our classroom. I thought to myself, "This won't last long."

注意：

1）续写词数应为150左右；

2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I certainly underestimated the resolve of my students.

……

Two weeks later, Mayra arrived at my door announcing, "Today, I can buy my chair!"