黑龙江省哈尔滨市重点中学校2021-2022学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

阅读理解

The management and staff are happy to welcome you and will do all they can to make your stay an enjoyable one.

MEAL TIMES

Our overnight charge includes a continental-type breakfast.

Breakfast: 7:30-9:30 a. m.

Lunch: 12:00-2:00 p. m.

Afternoon tea: 4:00-5:30 p. m.

Dinner: 7:00-9:15 p. m.

Meals can be served in rooms at a small extra charge. We regret that meals cannot be served outside these times.

Light refreshments including tea, coffee, biscuits and sandwiches, can be served in rooms between 10:00 a. m. and 11:00 p. m. except during the meal times listed above. Cold drinks are available in the room refrigerator.

ROOM CLEANING

Please hang the appropriate sign on your door handle if you do not wish to be disturbed It will be easier for the maids if you can leave the room temporarily at any time between 9:30 a. m. and 4:00 p.m.

VALUABLES

We are not responsible for the loss of money, jewellery, or other valuables unless they are kept in the safe and signed for by the manager.

DEPARTURES

Please inform receptionists of your intended leaving before 9:30 a. m. of the day concerned and leave the room by noon to allow for its preparation for incoming guests. If circumstances (情况) require, luggage can be left in the charge of the hall porter.

A SPECIAL REQUEST

We would respectfully suggest that in consideration of the comfort of other guests, the volume of radios and televisions should be turned down after 11:00 p. m.

阅读理解

    As I stuck in the mud (泥), with my bike on top of me, I wondered what had forced me to come here. Madagascar is not a good place for a cycling holiday: one of the world's poorest countries, only 11 percent of roadway is paved (铺). South of the town of Antalaha, where I started, the road was in worse condition.

    I appeared from a week in the wilderness and reached the start of the Route National 5 at Maroantsetra, but my dream of a smooth road and speed was suddenly destroyed by mud. The "worst road in the country" changed my bicycle into a burden (负担) for days. Finally,I was claimed by the road. Tired. Alone.

    As I wiped (擦) the mud from my face and looked upwards, I was greeted by a Malagasy man. He helped me stand up and smiled playfully while he pointed to my bike, which sat next to his. I started again. But I fell again in the mud. Angrily, I told him to go on, but if he understood he showed no sign of it. His smile forced me back onto the bike. We continued like this for hours. But I fell less. Studying my quick guide, slowly I learned. As we passed through a village, a group of children saw me and shouted loudly. His only words were: "Their parents tell them while people steal and eat them. Funny, no?"

    I tried to ask why, but he had already set off. I tried to catch up; as I got closer, he took it as a challenge and sped up. We raced along the road. I rode a little faster and I was just behind, about to catch up with him. With a smile, he sped up and was away, leaving me breathless.

阅读理解

    For those who canstomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.

Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing affects performance. However, far less has been known about how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.

    To find out, British scientists conducted a study. They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men, whose lifestyles are, for better and worse, representative of those of most of us. They tested the men's fitness and resting metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates and took samples (样品) of their blood and fat tissue.

    Then, on two separate morning visits to the scientists' lab, each man walked for an hour at an average speed that, in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel. Before one of these workouts, the men skipped breakfast, meaning that they exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast (禁食). On the other occasion, they ate a rich morning meal about two hours before they started walking.

Just before and an hour after each workout, the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue.

    Then they compared the samples. There were considerable differences. Most obviously, the men displayed lower blood sugar levels at the start of their workouts when they had skipped breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first. On the other hand, they burned slightly more calories (卡路里), on average, during the workout after breakfast than after fasting.

    But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found. Multiple genes behaved differently, depending on whether someone had eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce proteins (蛋白质) that can improve blood sugar regulation and insulin (胰岛素) levels throughout the body and so are associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than when they had breakfasted.

The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first.

阅读理解

Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.

Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?

In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.

A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are "really, really smart." Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really, really smart." Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.

Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with "intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world."

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

New restaurants, galleries, temples and new architecture…These places are homes for people like us who live and work there. How would you want visitors to behave in your own home? Think about it.There are many ways of doing this without sacrificing our own holiday.

Do your homeworkGuides will help you when you get to site, but is that the best place to go? Is it popular only because the one-day tourist can see it easily or because it is really a worthwhile place to visit? You'd better check it out.

Don't go to your hotels for meals. Walk around, even if in the streets closest to your hotel. Eat in local restaurants. Talk to the locals. Learn a few in the local language and use them. You will surely get a smile from the hotel staff and street sellers.

Help preserve the sites. Most of the sites you visit may be visited by millions of people a year, so care needs to be taken to allow others to enjoy them as well. Some of these monuments are so old and fragile that they are sensitive to the touch of hands or bags and shows.This way, you don't encourage the use of those plastic bags that fly all over many sites.

And here's the big one—good manners are nearly universal.If that doesn't sound like you, then give the world a break and stay home.

A. Experience the place.

B. Always have a cloth bag with you.

C. Read up on the places you want to visit.

D. Try to buy something from the local stores.

E. A good tourist is polite, positive and eco-sensitive.

F. We've cleaned up after ourselves and taken only good memories.

G. If we are good tourists, wherever we go, we try to make it a little better because of our visit.

阅读下面短文，的从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Meeting your family's nutritional needs may seem difficult considering today's busy lifestyle. But it doesn't have to 1. Even a new emphasis 2 more fruit and vegetables doesn't necessarily mean more preparation time if you 3 the convenience of canned food.

When you open a 4 of fruit or vegetables at home you have fresh packed nutritional produce at hand, with no man-made ingredients and no preservatives. And all the work has been 5 for you: the slicing, the peeling, even the cooking. Canned fruit and vegetables leave you the 6 to be creative. And with the variety of fruit and vegetables available these days, you can serve different combinations, create new dishes, and 7 new tastes to old recipes. Canned foods are good as well. A United States Department of Agriculture and National Nutritional Foods Association co-sponsored study shows canned vegetables to be just as 8 as fresh or frozen. Because canned vegetables are 9 within hours of being packed, they generally retain 70 to 90 percent of their nutrients.

Fruit and vegetables canning is as 10 as your grandmother "stores up" tomatoes and other things from the garden. Fresh produce is taken from the field at just the right time, 11 to the cannery, checked, washed, sealed, and sterilized. All this generally 12 in less than 24 hours to 13 the best quality and nutritional value without the need for any preservatives.

Use the liquids that vegetables are 14 in as a substitute for water in recipes to get that last drop of good nutrition.

Most major brands of canned fruit and vegetables include nutritional 15 and ingredient statements on their labels. This is especially important to those on calorie-conscious or restricted diets.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Exercise is one of the most important  (part) of keeping your body at a healthy weight. We also know that (stay) fit and healthy is very vital. Exercise can help prevent weight gain. If you can't afford (pay) the gym a visit every day, don't worry — just become active throughout the day.

When you exercise (regular), you are in better chances of improving your mood. It can also increase your confidence. Besides, it will better your appearance,  means your body will be in good shape. Regular exercise is also good  physical fitness and good health. Apart from weight control, exercise can also delay your aging process.

If you don't exercise, your muscles (肌肉)(become) very weak. Also, your heart and lungs might not function as well and you are more likely to get (injure). Inactivity is as much of a health risk as smoking.

Make sure that an exercise plan (make), so you can know when and what you should do. However, don't over-exercise yourself  doing too much exercise on a daily basis will have harmful results.

当前不少文学作品被改编成电影。有人选择看电影，有人则喜欢读原著。请你以"Shall we watch films or read the original works?"为题，按照下列要点写一篇英语短文：

1）看电影：省时、易懂；

2）读原著：细节更多、语言优美；

3）你的看法及理由。

注意：

1）写作词数应为80左右；

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Shall we watch films or read the original works?

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

    There was a rich couple who was throwing a big New Year party at their house. So they went shopping at the market where everything was of high cost and fixed price. They wanted to maintain their level of standard so they didn't mind paying for it. After purchasing all they needed, they called a porter to carry everything and drop it at their home. The porter who came was of an old age, and looked very unhealthy, and his clothes were torn, and he looked as if he wasn't even able to meet his daily needs.

    They asked the porter about the charges for delivering their goods to their home. The old porter quoted just $20, well below the market price. Yet, the couple argued and bargained with the porter and finally settled for $15. The porter was struggling to make even one time's meal so he needed anything he could earn.

    The couple was very happy thinking how well they bargained with the poor porter and paid him $15 in advance and left after giving the porter their address for delivery. They reached their home and one hour passed, and two hours passed, but the porter still didn't deliver their stuff.

    The wife started to get angry at her husband, "I always tell you not to trust such person, but you never listen to me. I am sure instead of delivering the goods to our home, he must have disappeared with everything. We must immediately go back to the market to inquire and then to the police station to file the complaint against him."

    They both left towards the market. On their way near the market, they saw another porter. They stopped him to inquire about the old porter and noticed that he was carrying their goods in his cart! The angry wife asked him, "Where is that old thief? This is our goods and he was supposed to deliver them. It seems you poor thieves are stealing our goods and going to sell them."

Paragraph 1:

    When the porter heard the angry wife asking.

Paragraph 2:

    Upon hearing this, the husband had tears in his eyes,