黑龙江省大庆重点中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

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The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame (the Hall of Fame for short) is a fantastic destination for everyone from lifelong basketball fans to families with children who are just beginning to explore the world's most popular sport. Each year, several thousand visitors crowd into this birthplace of basket-ball.

Dates and Hours of Operation

The Hall of Fame is open Wednesday through Sunday from late November through March 31 and daily the rest of the year. Hours are from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. (Friday through Sunday: 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.). Because it may close for private functions, it is wise to confirm hours of operation ahead of your visit. Just call 1-877-466-6752.

Ticket Information

Admission to the Hall of Fame (as of 2019) is $24 for people aged over 16, $16 for youths aged from 5 to 16 and free for children under age 5. Since the number of visitors is limited each day, you are advised to make a reservation in advance. For more information, please call 1-877-466-6831.

Travelling from All Directions

The Hall of Fame is conveniently located (位于) within driving distance from Boston (in the east), Albany (in the west), Vermont (in the north) and New York (in the south) and is right off of MA Route 91. For those who prefer to travel by air, the museum is not far from Logan International Airport and Bradley International Airport. For more information about the transportation, call 1-877-446-6755.

A Friendly Reminder

1 No food and beverage inside of the hall.

2 Backpacks and any large bags are not permitted inside of the hall unless needed for medical reasons.

3 If you wish to participate in shooting on Center Court, please wear appropriate footwear. Also, contests of any kind and half court shots are not allowed for everyone's safety.

4 For anything you don't know for sure, call 413-781-6500.

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The end of the year is drawing near, and winter is in full swing. The season brings along with it strong winds and snow — an environment that's never comfortable to be in.

This unpleasant and even frightening aspect of winter can often be seen in literature. In Shakespeare's King Lear (1606), the king has given away his kingdom and been rejected by his two ungrateful daughters. He is out in the winter cold, suffering things that are usually reserved for the poorest and most unfortunate human beings.

The winter is bad enough for Lear, but being abandoned by his family is worse. A song from another Shakespeare play, As You Like It (1599), is fitting for this poor old man's situation: "Blow, blow, thou winter wind,/Thou art not so unkind /As man's ingratitude (忘恩负义)". Here, winter is used to bring out the ugliness of inhumanity (不人道). There aren't many things that are worse than winter, according to Shakespeare.

Once winter became less of a threat to human beings, literary works featuring it became more positive. Since Charles Dickens, the representation of the season in literature has often featured happy Christmas celebrations.

The cold of the winter weather provides a contrast to the fun going on indoors. Dickens' A Christmas Carol (1843) was the start of this, but Christmas is still a common, cheery element in stories that feature winter scenes today. Consider the joy felt by Harry Potter and his friends in J. K. Rowling's Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone (1997) as they sit down for their festive meal:

"Harry had never in all his life had such a Christmas dinner. A hundred fat, roast turkeys; mountains of roast and boiled potatoes; platters of chipolatas (小香肠) and so on.

It is almost as much a pleasure to read about the meal as it might have been to eat it.

Although winter still isn't the most cheerful season in novels and poems, it's safe to say that writers have certainly "warmed up" since Shakespeare's days.

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No matter how exciting space exploration sounds, there's a vital point about it that needs to be considered: food supplies. Right now, astronauts typically rely on dry food in airtight bags and cans, since there are strict weight limits on items taken into space. Foods that we take for granted, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, are out of the question for space explorers.

For those who've attempted to grow food during space missions, they've faced many difficulties, including the absence of gravity, and a lack of soil, air and humidity (湿度). However, as Shane Topham, an engineer with Space Dynamics Laboratory at Utah State University in the US, told NASA, "Growing food to supplement and minimize the food that must be carried to space will be increasingly important on long-duration missions."

Great efforts have been made to explore the concept of space farming. Recently, a team led by Federico Maggi at the University of Sydney in Australia figured out how plants can absorb nutrients from human urine (尿), as reported by New Scientist on March 27.

After over 20 years of experiments, the results suggested that human urine could supply three to four out of the six nutrients that plants need. The researchers also found out that urine-fertilized plants produce no harmful by-products, such as carbon dioxide or ammonia (氨).

According to New Scientist, human urine is 95 percent water, with the other 5 percent composed of nutrients which are harmful to the human body but not to plants. The advantage of this urine-fueled life support system is obvious: By recycling liquid waste and producing food, an efficient cycle will be created.

And most importantly, said New Scientist, the duration of space missions will be greatly extended to "20 years of flight", meaning we may be soon sending astronauts on missions to Mars, or even beyond.

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For many people, working from home, or 'WFH', has also come to mean 'WFB'-working from bed. Getting dressed and going to an office has been replaced by splashing water on your face and switching on a computer as you settle back under your blanket. People may have a desk or a kitchen table to place their computer on-they just choose not to.

But the reality is that turning your bed into your office can set off a large number of health problems, both psychological and physical. And even if you don't notice them now,adverseeffects-possibly permanent-could appear later on in life. Young people are particularly likely to fall victim to these bad habits, because they may not feel the consequences right away, which could include simple headaches, and could also extend to permanent stiffness in your back, and severe pain in the bones.

When you work from bed for a year, it doesn't just potentially ruin your body. It's possibly bad for your productivity and sleep habits, too. Rachel Salas, a sleep expert at Johns Hopkins University in Maryland, explained that "the more you watch TV in bed, play video games in bed and not sleep in bed, your brain starts learning,' oh, OK, we can do any one of these activities in bed'. It starts building connections."

So, when you spread out on your bed your laptop, phone and all the screens your job requires every day, your brain and body eventually stop associating bed with rest. "You're really training your brain to be alert, and telling it this is where your ideas come and this is where the work is done," adds Salas. "When you're trying to go to sleep, your brain is like-'wait a minute, what are we doing? This is work time'." Doing this for a year, or any extended period of time, could lead to circadian rhythm disorder (昼夜节律紊乱). And disturbed nights, body pain or both mean that you're less likely to be productive, creative or focused, making it likely your work could suffer.

阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Why Is Sorting Important When Recycling?

We all agree that we should recycle more at home, in the office or when out and about.Consequently, they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling. This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.

And the effective sorting needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste is collected. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bag or bin, you are helping sort recyclables so that the right material can be fed into the right recycling process. If sorting does not happen, a lot of recyclable materials can end up in landfills. It will lead to valuable resources lost from our economy.

For instance, in Brussels consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.．

Once recyclable materials are collected from your home, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new sorting technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but to also cause better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.

A. For effective recycling we need effective sorting.

B. Packaging at work is the first step towards recycling.

C. This is where different sorting techniques come into play.

D. So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.

E. Collection systems can be very different from country to country.

F. The rest was landfilled or burned even though they could have been recycled or reused.

G. But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Five years ago, I took a career risk by leaving my job to work on a ship. My medical friends did their best to persuade me, saying that running away to sea would 1 my career. But after these years working as a junior doctor, I was willing to take the risk.

2 for adventure, I boarded a ship in Singapore with 2,000 passengers and crew. I had expected the conditions to be tough hut to my 3, the hospital was well equipped, with an X-ray machine and a blood analyzer.

That first voyage was a learning experience, a 4 schedule full of safety drills. There was so much new information to 5. Even remembering which uniform to wear each day was a 6. Worse still, I often forgot to 7 my clock when the ship crossed time zones.

As a doctor, I was 8 for the 600 crew and I was on call for the entire ship. Far from 9 seasickness and sunburn, I had to 10 other diseases, for my patients were wide and varied. The ship's medical center was 11 a floating emergency room, and we didn't have a team of specialists on hand for a second opinion. With long and unpredictable working hours, it required mental 12.

As you can guess, many of the passengers were elderly. Heart attacks don't 13 geography and emergency evacuations (疏散) were difficult to 14. I recall one such patient, who was taken off the ship halfway through the Panama Canal. After a 15 ride in an old ambulance, I was relieved that the patient 16 long enough to arrive at the hospital in Panama City.

17, there were several unexpected benefits to the job. I regularly 18 the passenger facilities (设施) and I even hosted my own table of passengers in the evenings. On rare days off, I volunteered as a tour guide on trips ashore. I got to fly over Alaska in a seaplane and watched a ballet in St Petersburg.

Now, I understand being a ship doctor is not just a job — it's a way of 19. One year at sea became two. I lost my career ambitions, 20 I redefined happiness in my life.

In the laboratory Watson found Sherlock Holmes ______ at a desk with his attention ______ on some experimental equipment.

— I'll come to attend your lecture at 10 p.m. tomorrow.

— I'm sorry, by then the lecture will have ended and I _____ my guests in my office.

The expert gave such a comment that it was the most breathtaking project that ______.

One of the important jobs for a teacher is to study the learning material and make it more ______ to his students.

—Why didn't you bring your computer to the class yesterday?

—Oh, it ______ by my neighbour then because it didn't work very well.

A strong-willed person will stand up ______ and will continue on his way until he succeeds.

If you are in favour ______ the plan, please help us collect some information ______ your leisure.

In order to live up to their parents' ______, most of the kids have to study hard even over vacations.

______ herself with routine office tasks, Betty didn't have the time to spend a day with her kids.

The advantage of biological control ______ other methods is that it provides a relatively low-cost control system with a minimum of side-effects.

The company's (commit) to providing quality at a reasonable price has been important to its success.

Energy (conserve) is of vital importance to us because our society is facing severe energy shortage.

The company is in (finance) difficulties and many employees have quit.

At the time I thought I was right, but reflection I think perhaps I wasn't.

It is fair to say that the Internet has changed people's life (dramatic).

It can be said that she is one of the most (influence) figures in local politics.

Its native inhabitants existed in perfect harmony their natural habitat for thousands of years.

(equip) with an intelligent computer brain, a robot can give us information such as the weather conditions within seconds.

Over the years I've come to the (conclude) that she is a very great musician.

(devote) to bringing up the secret of nature, the young scientist has little time for entertainment.

短文改错

Delighting to know the Video Production club is advertising for videos concerning memories about the Spring Festival, I'd like to participate this activity. Here goes the detailed informations of my contribution.

To help people get a better understanding of it, your video focuses on what people do during the Spring Festival. Some traditional customs, such as setting off fireworks and eat dumplings, are included. Additional, a big family dinner is the most important part, after that each member enjoys the pleasure of reunion and chats until the next day comes. At the end of this video, a brief introduction of the Spring Festival is being presented in the form of subtitles, impress the viewers again.

I do hope my video can be accepted. Your favorably reply would be highly appreciated.

假设你是晨光中学的李津。下周你校将与英国友好校举办一场在线会议，探讨如何利用网络学习英语，请你根据以下提示撰写一篇发言稿：

1）介绍你是如何利用网络学习英语的（至少写出两点）；

2）简单谈谈你对利用网络学习英语的看法；

3）请友好校的学生分享他们的经验。

注意：词数100左右。