新疆伊宁县2022-2023学年高三上学期11月阶段性考试英语试题

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One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience. This idea has inspired the award-winning photographer Andrew Zuckerman. He interviewed and took photos of fifty over-sixty-five-year-olds all over the world. His project explores various aspects of their lives. The photos and interviews are now available on our website.   Click on the introductions to read the complete interviews.

Let us now have a culture of peace.—Federico Mayor Zaragoza, Spain    Federico Mayor Zaragoza obtained a doctorate in pharmacy (药学) from the Complutense University of Madrid in 1958. After many years spent in politics, he became Director-General of UNESCO in 1987. In 1999, he created the Foundation for a Culture of Peace, of which he is now the president. In addition to many scientific publications, he has published four collections of poems and several books of essays.

Writing is a discovery.—Nadine Gordlmer, South Africa    Due to a weak heart, Nadine Gordimer attended school and university briefly. She read widely and began writing at an early age. She published her first short story at the age of fifteen, and has completed a large number of works, which have been translated into forty languages. In 1991, Gordimer won the Nobel Prize for Literature.

Jazz is about the only form of art today.—Dave Brubeck, USA Dave Brubeck studied music at the University of the Pacific and graduated in 1942. After World War Two he was encouraged to play jazz. In 1951, he recorded his first album(专辑). Brubeck's 1959 album has become a jazz standard. He received a Grammy lifetime Achievement Award in 1996.

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Nothing could stop Dad. After he was put on disability for a bad back, he bought a small farm in the country, just enough to grow food for the family. He planted vegetables, fruit trees and even kept bees for honey.

And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgin's chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). The Smell really burned the inside of your nose. When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right. For example, just one of his cantaloupes filled the entire house with its sweet smell, and the taste was even sweeter.

As the vegetables started coming in, Dad threw himself into cooking. One day, armed with a basket of vegetables, he announced he was going to make stew(炖菜).Dad pulled out a pressure cooker and filled it up with cabbages, eggplants, potatoes, corns, onions and carrots. For about half an hour. the pressure built and the vegetables cooked. Finally, Dad turned off the stove, the pot began to cool and the pressure relief valve sprayed out a cloud of steam. If we thought Dad's pile of chicken manure was bad, this was 10 times worse. When Dad took off the lid, the smell nearly knocked us out.

Dad carried the pot out and we opened doors and windows to air out the house. Just how bad was it? The neighbors came out of their houses to see if we had a gas leak!

Determined, Dad filled our plates with steaming stew and passed them around. It didn't look that bad, and after the first wave had shut down my ability to smell, it didn't offend the nose so much, either. I took a taste. It would never win a prize in a cooking competition, but it was surprisingly edible and we drank up every last drop of soup.

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Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.

How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest: most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.

＂More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone,＂ says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.

Because sleepiness is such an issue for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.

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In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics (策略).

One tactic involves where to display the goods. Foe example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food later in their trip. In department stores, section is generally next to the women's cosmetics(化妆品) section: while the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over cosmetics they might want to try later.

Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers' senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sales of French wine went up.

When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decision in the first few second upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the poll through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

It is an issue that is constantly being discussed in the media by politicians, scientists and activists.    

Essentially, climate change is a long-term shift in average weather patterns and temperatures on a large and global scale.

The huge increase in human contribution to the release of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases means that there has been a global temperature rise and consequently changes to our global climate.

It saw a boom in large-scale industries and manufacturing but ultimately also saw widespread pollution across the majority of more economically developed countries.

According to the Met Office, the global temperature was stable around 11,000 years before the Industrial evolution.

However, since this, the level of carbon dioxide in the air has risen due to the burning of fossil fuels releasing harmful greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane into the air, causing them to build up in the Earth's atmosphere.

How does climate change affect the Earth?

Climate change has been seen to contribute to rising ocean levels, increased acidification of our oceans, and more frequent extreme weather events such as droughts, heatwaves, and flooding.

As such, the need to make changes to human activity must be addressed in the near future.

A. These can all contribute to food insecurity, global conflicts, migration and so on.

B. Therefore, global warming is seen as a major component of climate change.

C. It was 14℃ on average.

D. But what exactly is climate change?

E. So what can humans do to prevent climate change?

F. The Industrial Revolution brought humans lots of benefits.

G. It became more of an issue as a result of the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

We live in a fast-paced and anxiety-filled world that oftentimes seems to shift beneath our feet. Thus we are sometimes affected by fears or anxiety impacting our life. For as long as I could remember I had struggled with anxiety. After I left university, I made friends with a Moroccan woman at work. One day she invited me to 1 her and her family back home. I wanted to, but I would have to travel there2 and I knew we would be in a very rural area. How would I cope with my3?

Then one day it4 to me that I had a life to live. I could choose to let anxiety5me or I could go to Morocco and6something different. I was 23 years old and had never been out of the UK alone. The journey to Morocco  7something inside me. I managed to cope with my anxiety. The sense of8was overwhelming and still to this day when I get afraid of going somewhere alone, I remember how 9 it felt when I arrived in Morocco.

Upon arrival I was so10for the generous welcome I received. My friend's family had arranged a welcome party. The people were so loving toward me. As a moment of11felt in a faraway village, this reminded me that I was "good enough", which helped to12my anxiety.

Waking up the next day, in the morning light, I saw the area where we were. I was 13 by how rural it was – and the realization that these people had very few14.

In the days afterwards, I traveled around Morocco. We went to Marrakesh and 15the Atlas mountains. We had the most amazing food – lots of fresh fruits and vegetables.

At the end of my16something inside me had changed. I realized I had not felt anxious for nearly two weeks.

Experiencing a different culture far away from home helped me to realize what is important in life, what really17, and with that my anxiety18. When I returned home I was much more active in 19 my anxiety. Working with people, helping them20their anxiety, is how I can share the love I found in Morocco.

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    High school years are a large part in(shape) the person you are going to become. A school often(provide)education for you, and it can also be a place you can develop relationships with many different people, join clubs, and participate in a variety of different sports. These years can make you become a high school student(fill)with many different emotions, including happiness, anger, sadness, envy, loneliness, stress, and a numerous amount more. This is also a time when peer(同龄人)pressure is most commonly put upon a vast majority of teens.

    Peer pressure is the influence from members of one's peer group. This can include influencing another to drink, smoke, cheat on a test, lie, skip class, and etc. The list is

(end).Peer pressure at high school is both harmful effective because it can lead to teen depression, high stress levels, negative behavior(issue),and poor decision making and outcomes.

    Despite the fact that peer pressure is most commonly seen as a very negative issue, it can (see)positively in some situations. This can involve pressuring your peers to avoid  drugs, be honest, avoid alcohol, respect others, work hard, exercise, be kind, be responsible, and more. Friends and peer(actual)affect the choices you make. Choosing to have good friends can have a very strong effect you.

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed up！" "Slow down！" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.

假如你是李华，你的美国笔友David准备组织一个"走进中国（Approach to China"的活动，他写信请你帮忙策划一下活动内容并介绍一下有中国特色的元素，以便让他的同学更好地了解中国。请你用英文写一封回信。

要求：1）100字左右；

2）需包括至少两个中国元素，可适当增减细节。

参考词汇：一带一路倡议 One Belt and One Road Initiative；吉祥物 mascot