河南省洛阳市宜阳县2022-2023学年高二上学期11月第五次能力达标测试英语试题

阅读理解

Enjoy yourselves in a wonderland of science with over 50, 000 living plants and a variety of educational events or amusing activities. Here is essential information about planning a school visit to Kew.

Educational session prices

You can plan a self-led visit or book one of our educational sessions. Students will take part in the educational sessions in groups of 15. Prices vary according to different situations.

EYFS (Early years Foundation Stage) to Key Stage 4:

45-minute session: $35/group   *90-minute session: $ 70/group

Key Stage 5: * Half day (one session): $80/group 

* Full day (two sessions):$ 160/group

Teachers and adults:

Up to required key stage ratios(比率): Free

Adults needed for 1:1 special educational needs support: Free

Adults above the required ratios: $11/person

The payment will be due within 28 calendar days of making the booking.

Health and safety

Required supervising(监护) adult-student ratios:

Key Stage 1: 1:5        

Key Stage 2: 1:8

Key Stage 3: 1:10       

Key Stage 4: 1:12 

Key Stage 5: 1:12

The group sizes should be controlled if you are visiting restricted spots or potentially busy areas such as the glasshouses and other attractions. The maximum number of students visiting the glasshouses is 15 per group and each group to Kew shops should include no more than 10 students.

We offer a guide to help you customize a risk assessment specific to your own needs.

If there is an emergency, please contact the nearest Kew staff member or call Constabulary on 0208332 3333 for direct and quick support. Please do not call 999.

Planning your visit

Your tickets and two planning passes will be sent to you upon receipt of your payment. You can complete your risk assessment with the passes. Ensure you bring your tickets and the receipt document and show them to the staff members at the gate on the day of your visit.

Recommended timings

The Kew Gardens opens at 10 am. You are recommended to spend at least three to five hours on your visit. The closing time varies throughout the year. But the earliest is 3:30 pm. We have a fixed schedule for educational sessions, which is from 10:30 am to 2:20 pm (except KS5).

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Most rain forests lie to the equator(赤道), where the climate is often mild and there are long hours of sunshine. The warmth of the land heats the air above, causing it to rise and tiny drops of water to fall as rain. The rainfall can reach at least 98 inches a year. This wet, warm world with plenty of sunlight is perfect for plants to grow, so the trees grow fast with green leaves all the year round. The trees themselves also have an effect on the climate. They gather water from the soil and pass it out into the air through their leaves. The wet air then forms clouds, which hang over the treetops like smoke. These clouds protect the forest from the daytime heat and night-time cold of nearby deserts, keeping temperatures fit for plant growth.

Rain forests slightly farther away from the equator remain just as warm, but they have a dry season of three months or more when little rain falls. Tree leaves fall during this dry season and new leaves grow when the wet season or monsoon(雨季) begins. Thus these areas are known as the "monsoon forest".

Another type of rain forest grows on tropical mountains. It is often called the "cloud forest" because clouds often hang over the trees like fog.

The rain forest is the ideal place for the growth of many different trees. Most of them depend on animals to eat their fruits and spread their seeds. When the fruits are eaten, the seeds inside them go undamaged through animals' stomachs and are passed out in their droppings. The seeds lying on the forest floor then grow into new trees.

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The World Health Organization warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. Nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating as well as lighting.

These findings show that the use of deadly fuels in inefficient stoves, space heaters or lights is to blame for many of these deaths.

WHO officials say indoor pollution leads to early deaths from stroke, heart and lung disease, childhood pneumonia(小儿肺炎) and lung cancer. Women and girls are the main victims. These diseases can often result from the burning of solid fuels. These fuels include wood, coal, animal waste, crop waste and charcoal.

The United Nations found that more than 95 percent of households in sub-Saharan Africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. It says huge populations in India, China and Latin American countries, such as Guatermala and Peru, are also at risk.

Nigel Brace is a professor of Public Health at the University of Liverpool. He says researchers are developing good cook-stoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way. There are already multiple technologies available for use in clean fuels. There is really quite an effective and reasonably low-cost alcohol stove made by Dometic (a Sweden-based company) that is now being tested out. LPG (Liquefield Petroleum Gas) cook is obviously widely available and efforts are under way to make those efficient. Another interesting development is electric induction stoves (电磁炉). WHO experts note that some new, safe and low-cost technologies that could help are already available. In India, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. 00. And in Africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1. 00.

But this, the agency says, is just a start. It is urging developing countries to use cleaner fuels and increase access(途径，方法) to cleaner and more modern cooking and heating appliances/devices.

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Researchers from American computer company Dell Technologies led a study partnering with neuroscience company EMOTTV showing a link between bad technology and higher stress levels of employees.

The research involved experiments in which brainwaves were monitored as people were put through a series of bad technology experiences. The experiments involved adults of many ages with different levels of computer skills. Subjects were tested with simple computer problems, like troubled sign-in operations. Others dealt with slow-speed connections to the Internet. Still others experienced system crashes.

"The moment people started using bad technology, we saw a doubling of their levels of stress, " said Olivier Oullier, president of EMOTIV. The experiments showed that technology-related stress had a lasting effect.

In addition to tech failures affecting the mental health of employees, the problems can also affect a company's business, the research found. For example, bad problems can reduce productivity, especially that of younger workers. "Bad experiences affect you regardless of computerliteracy. " said Cile Montgomery, who leads customer experience efforts for Dell." But young people seem to be even more impacted, because they expect technology to work. "

In the real world, such effects were possibly more severe because the subjects knew they were involved in an experiment so they may not have been as personally affected by the results. Oullier also said the continuing corona-virus crisis has sharply increased stress levels. So real tech problems drive up those already high stress levels.

Another issue is that many employees are working remotely and this can also add to tech difficulties. In an office, computer support helpers are usually available to help workers solve tech problems. But working from a kitchen or home office, employees are often on their own.

"When you're stuck at home and all you have is a computer provided by your employer, you might not have access to tech support, " Oullier said. "That's why it's so important when you're remote, to have technology that works. "

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Tropical Cyclones

    Have you ever seen a TV weatherperson pointing to a large, white spiral of storm clouds spinning over the Earth on their video screen? If so, then you've gotten a small look at what the most powerful storm in the world looks like: a tropical cyclone. (热带风暴)

     The warm air and water at the equator(赤道) rise into the atmosphere, cool off, and then sink back down. As this cycle repeats itself over and over again, the storm begins to grow and the winds around the storm begin to move faster.

    Depending on where a tropical cyclone is in the world, it is called either a hurricane, a typhoon, or a cyclone. If tropical cyclones move over the northwestern Pacific Ocean, they're called typhoons.  In the South Pacific or the Indian Ocean, they're called cyclones.

    The center of a tropical cyclone is called the "eye".  Most of the strong winds do not reach the eye of the storm, so the eye is the calmest part.

     A storm that is rated as a Category 1 is the weakest. A Category 5 tropical cyclone is the strongest, which has winds of over 300km per hour, can cause catastrophic damage.

    Once these storms come onto land, they no longer have the warm ocean water they need to grow larger. This means that they begin to grow weaker. This doesn't stop them from causing a lot of damage before they go away.  

A. They still may produce strong rain and tornadoes.

B. Tropical cyclones are categorised based on their strength.

C. They withdraw as quickly as they arrive and leave the land untouched.

D. The rest of the storm moves in a circle around the eye at incredibly high speeds.

E. Tropical storms with wind speeds that reach 74 miles per hour are called hurricanes.

F. Tropical cyclones start as tropical storms that form in warm ocean waters near the Earth's equator.

G. Such storms moving over the northeastern Pacific or the Atlantic Ocean are termed hurricanes.

完形填空

Carly's eyes filled with tears as the dusty bus drove down a dirt road in southern Vietnam. The 14-year-old girl and her 1 had traveled by plane from Canton, Ohio, to Ho Chi Minh City and then by bus deep into the Mekong Delta. Now, as they reached the village, hundreds of cheering 2 lined the entrance to the Hoa Lac School, a two-story building that Carly had 3 money for.

When Carly was eight, she started 4 others by giving Thanksgiving baskets in the church to families in need. It was a snowy day, 5 she saw that one girl was wearing only a shirt and that others didn't have 6 coats. The next November, she went door to door 7 used coats, hats, gloves, and scarves, and then 8 them out with the baskets.

But Carly wanted to do 9 -she wanted to "change their lives". She 10 that her grandmother's Rotary club had, years, earlier, collected money to build a 11 in Vietnam. That was it, she decided. She'd build a school too.

She tried to let people 12 more about Vietnam and the 13 there. She gave speeches. She 14 with enthusiasm. "The kids in rural Vietnam don't have beautiful schools," she told a room of 200 Rotarians. "That's not 15. I want to give them a 16 to make their lives better." That summer, Carly set off with her family across Ohio, 17 three or four Rotary clubs a week. "We traveled like crazy people to all these 18 ," recalled her mother, Kris.

In two year, Carly had collected $50, 000. At the dedication ceremony(落成典礼)in Hoa Lac, the school principal was 19 with the girl. "How wonderful it was that a girl of her age wanted to do something for kids so 20 , " he said through a translator.

语法填空

The Palace Museum has announced that all entrance tickets are now being sold online, a move (save) visitors from queuing to buy tickets at the gate.

October 2nd was the first day the museum, also known as the Forbidden City, sold all (it) 80,000 daily tickets online. For visitors have not bought tickets in advance, museum staff will assist them to purchase tickets on their mobile devices scanning a QR code (二维码).

(base) on current sales data, between 15,000 to 20,000 tickets per day are available to be purchased on site using the QR code. That amount is approximately what was (previous) sold through 30 ticket booths in two hours. If visitors are unable to purchase their tickets online, for example the elderly, foreign tourists those without e-payment, staff at the museum can book tickets online on their behalf.

A trial of the online ticketing service began on September 25th, 2011. Last year, around 77 percent of the tickets (book) online. The museum began to limit daily visitors to 80,000 in June 2015，preventing excessive numbers of tourists during holiday periods.

Since 2012，the museum (receive)at least 15 million visitors each year, with number of visitors hitting 16 million last year.

改错题

I'm a Senior Three student. I like making friends with like-minded fellow and usually they get on well with each other. However, I overheard one of my friends speaking ill me yesterday, say she didn't want to play with me. As the matter of fact, she plays tricks on me occasional because I'm fat. I am just can't understand how she can't be friendly to me when I'm kind to her. It was hard for me to pretend to know nothing but even hard to let go of our friendship.

假定你是李华。你的美国朋友Jim在邮件中提到他对中文小说很感兴趣，并请你推荐一本。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括:

1）小说简介；

2）推荐理由；

3）阅读建议。

注意：1）词数100左右:

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。