安徽省安庆市名校2022-2023学年高二下学期5月第二次段考英语试卷（音频暂未更新）-组卷题库站

Many of the most striking beasts on the planet come in only two colors: black and white. These high-contrast markings represent some of the nature's most diverse evolutionary choices. For some animals, black -and- white coloring is a way to warn off natural enemies. For others, to keep insects away. For still others, it creates a clever cover. Spend some time exploring what science has discovered about these animals' appearances, and you will see that basic black and white isn't so basic after all.

Skunk

Depending on the species, black skunks may wear white spots that act as a cover or white stripes that signal enemies to watch out for their smelly spray.

Giant Panda

Recent insights into panda coloring have come from studying each body part separately. Black ears indicate fierceness, and distinct eye patches aid in individual recognition. The panda in white body hides it against snow, while its dark limbs keep it from being spotted in forests, a compromise developed from its poor bamboo diet: Bamboo doesn't let pandas build up enough fat to hibernate, forcing them to spend winters in the snow.

Badger

Even when a badger is in its cave, its facial stripes can be seen, Zoologists say the warning coloration helps the small animal prevent natural enemies.

Blackbuck (male)

In bright sun, the buck's white stomach reduces the effect of the shadow cast by his back, allowing him to appear one color and two dimensional—especially hiding from natural enemies in his own shadow.

阅读理解

"How do you account for your remarkable accomplishment in life?" Queen Victoria of the UK asked Helen Keller. "How do you explain the fact that even though you were both blind and deaf you were able to accomplish so much?"

Ms. Keller's answer is a tribute to her dedicated teacher. "If it had not been for Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown. "

According to speaker Zig Ziglar, "Little Annie" Sullivan, as she was called when she was young, was no stranger to hardship. She was almost sightless herself (due to a childhood fever) and was, at one time, diagnosed as hopelessly"insane" by her caregivers. she was locked in a dark underground room of a mental institution because of mental problems. Little Anne Sullivan would attack anyone who came near sometimes. However, an elderly nurse believed there was hope and she offered to help the child. Every day she made all her efforts to give little Anne words of love and encouragement. She believed Little Annie could recover, if only she were shown love.

Eventually, doctors noticed the change in the girl. Where they once witnessed anger and hatred, they now noted a gentleness and love. They moved her upstairs where she continued to improve. Then the day finally came when this seemingly "hopeless'' child was released.

Anne Sullivan grew into a young woman with a desire to help others as she herself was helped by the kind nurse. It was she who saw the great potential in Helen Keller. She loved her, disciplined her, played with her, pushed her and worked with her until the flickering candle that was her life became a beacon of light to the world. Anne Sullivan worked wonders in Helen's life; but it was a loving nurse who first believed in Little Annie and lovingly transformed an uncommunicative child into a compassionate teacher.

"If it had not been for Anne Sullivan, the name of Helen Keller would have remained unknown. " But if it had not been for a kind and dedicated nurse, the name of Anne Sullivan would have remained unknown.

阅读理解

The sperm whale（抹香鲸）is an astounding creature. It's longer than a semi-truck, weighs more than 90000 pounds and is the largest member of the toothed whale family. It's known to dive 6500 feet in search of food, and to stay down there for longer than an hour at a time.

Perhaps most fantastically, the sperm whale's brain weighs as much as 20 pounds-the biggest of any species on Earth. But when it comes to brains, is size all that matters？There's a lot we are ignorant of the sperm whale's intellectual capacity because it's difficult to carry out neurological testing on such an enormous marine mammal. But some clues point to sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit for.

A 2021 study published in Biology Letters, for example, looked back to 19th-century historical logbooks from whalers. Researchers found that sperm whales were at first easy to catch but almost immediately, the whales learned how to elude chaser and whaling success dropped by 60 percent. The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through sound waves to avoid being caught.

Animals that have big brains usually have a few things in common. They usually live long lives; for example, sperm whales can live for 70 years or longer. Additionally, they're capable of complex behaviors and they tend to be more social. Whales may work together to hunt or communicate in a language all their own.

What's more, humans, whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought, such as reasoning skills, memory, communication and adaptive thinking. And like humans, whales have emotional intelligence- meaning they're capable of empathy, grief and sadness. Still, in proportion to（与. . . 成比例）our body size, the human brain is bigger than that of the sperm whale.

Yet there's still so much we don't know about how smart sperm whales really are. And just like the whalers of a century ago, we have likely been underestimating marine mammals, whether large or small, for as long as we've known of their existence.

阅读理解

The surface of Mars is etched （蚀刻） with ancient river valleys and lake basins. Some researchers think that liquid water once flowed on the Red Planet. Today, Mars is too cold for much, if any, liquid water to exist. And

3. 8 billion years ago, when the flowing water formed, the sun was fainter than it is today, making it even harder to imagine a warm Martian climate. That's why many researchers think Mars may have gone in and out of deep freezes.

Some researchers have suggested that early Mars only thawed out （解冻） when large asteroid （小行星） impacts or volcanic eruptions temporarily warmed the planet. But Kasting, a geologist at Penn State University, thinks warm windows from such dramatic events would have been too brief to carve the vast canyons that exist on Mars. Now, Kasting and his colleagues have come up with an alternative explanation. They think Mars may have experienced a series of climate cycles.

The idea goes like this: When Mars was cold and frozen, volcanoes continued to belch out the greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and hydrogen into the atmosphere. There, the gas blanket trapped heat and warmed the planet up until liquid water began to flow, forming Mars' rivers and lakes. However, warm temperatures and abundant water would also have sped up certain chemical reactions that consumed carbon dioxide, reducing the greenhouse effect and cooling the planet back down again. Then the cycle would repeat.

Kasting shared his theory with other astronomers at the December meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco, and in the journal Earth and Planetary Science Letters. So far, Kasting's team has only shown that such an explanation is possible, according to climate models. But the researchers say field trips could help test the idea by looking for evidence of multiple warm events, and their durations.

阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Recently, the artificial intelligence app ChatGPT has been making headlines in the higher education media and beyond. Others have been optimistic, examining the limitations of the app as well as offering suggestions for how it can inform student learning and writing.

To prevent students from using ChatGPT to plagiarize(抄袭)assignments, relevant programs have been developed to detect the use of it. One important strategy for deterring(阻止) use of ChatGPT is to create assignments that require students to show stages of their work (outlines, rough drafts, etc. ). This strategy can lead to deeper learning, and increase the likelihood that the final product reflects student efforts rather than a copy of others' work.

Specify the types of source materials students should use, including some that are very specific to the assignment, such as field specific journal articles that require authentication(认证), data collection and analysis when relevant, or client assessment for field assignments.

Sample questions include: a)What was the most challenging and most rewarding aspects of your project? b) What was the most surprising thing you learned in the course of this project? c) If you had the chance to do it again, what one thing would you have done differently on this project?

Have students work on peer editing and peer commenting as part of the evaluation process.

Discuss academic honesty with students, including what makes original work and plagiarism in your field, what type of assistance is and is not permitted.

A. Some have given in to pessimism.

B. The following approaches may offer a starting point.

C. Some are amazed by the power of this artificial intelligence tool.

D. So that they should focus on research skills and expression of original thoughts.

E. In this case, they have to make suggestions and respond to other students' writing.

F. Rather than pursuing such programs, you can adopt strategies that discourage use and promote learning.

G. Ask students to submit a reflection about what they have learned from finishing the assignment.

阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Like most people, I have to work for a living. We have a bank loan, and other1 we have to pay. But I certainly don't have a 9-52 . I decided long ago that I could not3 fixed working hours for a big company and I certainly wasn't suitable to4 in an office day in and day out. I work5 as a writer, garden designer, and sustainability consultant. Many days, I work long hours, but I have a lot of6 and control over everything. I have found my7 — what I really want to do.

But I fully appreciate that most people are not in such a 8 position and some of them have no choice but to9 the work they do not like. Therefore, many people feel10 in their jobs even when they are not really stuck at all. Finding sustainable solutions and a better quality of life means11 long and hard about what you really want to do, and how you can12 that goal.

Working for yourself is beneficial on13 levels: you save time, you save money, and you can potentially14 your carbon footprint. Consider this: Management consultancy firm WSP found working 15 can help diminish your carbon footprint in the summer months.

阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A cold wave has driven down the temperature to minus 7 degree Celsius these days in Mohe, China's northmost city. However, local people don't mind the chill since the local authority started to activate the heating system a week ahead the(schedule) heating season.

With a new cold snap(寒潮), heavy snow(predict) to hit Mohe on Saturday and Sunday, in which case the daily low temperature will dip dramatically to minus 9 degrees Celsius on Sunday. concerns everyone is how the cold snap might cause trouble to people's everyday life.

border city in Heilongjiang Province is one of China's cold) places in winter, the heating period usually lasts up to eight months. , passengers to the Harbin Taiping International Airport would not feel the cold snap at the terminal building, for indoor heating started on October 10, ten days in advance. The city officially switched on urban heating on Wednesday, (make) it much easier for citizens to cope with the drop in temperature.

In addition to Heilongjiang, many places in Inner Mongolia, including the regional capital of Hohhot, have also started heating supply, several days(early) than the regular heating season.

Since October 7, heating suppliers in Hohhot(start) testing the heating system so that many residents can feel the rise in indoor temperature at home.

假定你是李华，得知本周六你市将举办剪纸艺术展览，请你给交换生朋友Peter 写一封信，邀请他一起参加，内容包括：
1. 发出邀请；
2. 告知具体活动；
3. 约定见面时间及地点。

注意：
1.写作词数 80 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter,

Yours,

Li Hua

阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

School was over, the day was fading and it started to rain. I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders. It was Friday again—a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste. I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers' warm and comfortable cars. Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me. It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like depression. I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly-oiled chain creaking against the wheel to announce her arrival.

Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the cars and saw my friends' faces sticking out of the car windows. It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T-shirt.

To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache occasionally. She looks like a homely middle-aged housewife. She knits (编织) most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles. Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I'd force a smile and reply in a half-joking manner: homemade. She simply doesn't seem to understand what's in fashion; Chanel or Gucci means nothing to her.

I couldn't remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment. As a little boy, I relied on her so much. She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp, or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed. It had always been fun riding with her. I had enjoyed watching our shadows growing longer and shorter in an alternate fashion by the light of the streetlamps along the road. Just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Today Mom showed up in a raincoat.

Mom tried to cover me with the raincoat again as a storm set in.

安徽省安庆市名校2022-2023学年高二下学期5月第二次段考英语试题（音频暂未更新）