浙江省宁波市奉化区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末检测英语试题

Student Organizations at the University of Houston

Wherever your passions lie, you're sure to find a match among UH's 400+ organizations. Here are four hottest organizations at UH.

Active Minds

Active Minds is an organization working to use the student voice to change the conversation about mental health on college campuses. The organization wants to increase students' awareness of mental health problems, provide information and resources regarding mental health and mental illness and encourage students to seek help as soon as it is needed.

E-mail: amindsuh@gmail.com

Center for Student Media

Center for Student Media gives UH students free opportunities in print, online media while providing the UH with popular community-based media. The organization supports student success through professional guidance and skill development. At the center, students are actively engaged in journalism, publishing, marketing, media production, radio broadcasting and leadership.

E-mail: csm@uh.edu

Chess Club at UH

Chess Club at UH is a great way for students to play chess with each other on campus and meet like-minded people. No membership fee and all skill-levels are welcome! We meet twice a week, hold in-person tournaments, have activities with other chess clubs, and organize workshops for those who are looking to learn more about chess.

E-mail: chess.atuh@gmail.com

CSG

CSG (Computer Science Girls) is the first female organization at UH that recognizes excellence within the computer science and technology community. Members of the organization will be able to discuss technical matters and problems. We encourage all UH girls interested in computer science and technology to join our organization and build a stronger community together.

E-mail: contact@csgirls.org

Bertha Mahony Miller, a US editor and publisher, was born on March13th, 1882 in Rockport, Massachusetts. After her mother's death, 11-year-old Mahony helped look after her three younger siblings. She entered local teacher-training classes after high school but left the next year to pursue studies at newly formed Simmons College in Boston. Unable to afford the four-year program in library science, she chose instead to take a year of secretarial courses.

In 1906, Mahony became a secretary for the Women's Educational and Industrial Union (WEIU), a nonprofit social-service agency. Board members soon recognized her creativity and intelligence, so she was given a variety of duties. One of her favorites was organizing plays for children, and her interest in children's literature expanded as she searched through books for appropriate material.

With the support of the Union, Mahony opened the Bookshop for Boys and Girls in 1916. The creation of this Boston store devoted to children's books came at a time when most parents, booksellers and publishers did not put much thought into what children read. Mahony aimed to change this by offering a large selection of thoughtfully chosen books and seeking help from many notable librarians such as Anne Carroll Moore and Alice Jordan. Storytelling, author visits and other activities helped spark people's interest in the store, and the creation of a bookmobile extended its reach to other regions.

To coincide with（与...同时举行）the opening of the store, Mahony edited and published a buying guide of selected children's books, the first commercial list of its kind. It grouped some 1,200 books into categories based on age and subject matter and provided a brief description of each publication. The attention it drew led her to another idea. In 1924, Mahony and coworker Elinor Whitney founded The Horn Book Magazine, the first periodical devoted entirely to children. Mahony and Whitney also compiled（汇编）Realms of Gold in Children's Books(1929), a publication covering five centuries of children's literature.

Bertha Mahony Miller devoted much of her life to promoting children's literature. Her efforts enlightened（启发）consumers and encouraged publishers to expand and improve their juvenile (少年的) offerings. She is considered a figurehead of the children's literature movement.

As climate change causes ocean temperatures to rise, one of Greenland's previously most stable glaciers is now reducing at an unheard-of rate, according to a new study.

The study was led by researchers at The Ohio State University. The team found the truth. Between 2018 and 2021, Steenstrup Glacier in Greenland reduced about 5 miles, thinned by about 20% and doubled in the amount of ice that went into the ocean. According to the study, such a rapid change is so extraordinary among Greenland's ice formations that it now places Steenstrup Glacier in the top 10% of glaciers that contribute to the entire region's total ice discharge.

Steenstrup Glacier is part of the Greenland Ice Sheet, a body of ice that covers nearly 80% of the world's largest island, which is also the single largest contributor to the global sea rise from the cryosphere（冰冻圈），the portion of Earth's ecosystem that includes all of its frozen water. While the region plays a crucial part in balancing the global climate system, the area is steadily reducing as it loses hundreds of billions of tons of ice each year because of global warming.

As far as scientists knew, Steenstrup Glacier had been stable for decades. It was hardly influenced by the rising temperatures that had influenced so many other regional glaciers, likely because of its special position in shallow water. It wasn't until Thomas Chudley, lead author of the study, and his colleagues collected observational and modeling data from previous remote sensing analyses on the glacier that the team realized Steenstrup Glacier was likely experiencing melting due to anomalies（反常现象）in deeper Atlantic water.

According to Chudley, the current situation in Greenland serves as an early warning sign for possible future events in West Antarctica within the next few centuries. He also expressed the importance of conducting direct observations in the fjord(峡湾) to understand the reasons behind the changes observed in Steenstrup Glacier.

Many green plants that are used to decorate living rooms and kitchens are marketed as air-purifying. However, scientists largely agree that plants can't do very much to clean an entire room. Now, a Parisian company known as Neoplants is trying to change that by growing genetically modified(转基因的) plants that help remove harmful chemicals from the air.

Its first product, called the Neo P1, is a bioengineered version of the pothos (绿萝). Pothos is characterized by its green leaves and is relatively easy to care for. The Neo P1 is meant to capture and recycle dangerous air pollutants commonly found in homes called volatile organic compounds (挥发性有机化合物VOCs), which are often human-made chemicals. So it's a popular choice for people looking to beautify their living spaces. But the Neo P1 starts at $179, and to purchase one, potential shoppers must first join a waitlist.

The idea of air-purifying plants came from a 1989 study by NASA,in which regular houseplants were tested in two-by-two-foot rooms. When scientists filled these rooms with VOCs, they found the plants could absorb some of the harmful compounds. "Actually, it'd take about ten houseplants per square foot to noticeably improve air quality," Michael Waring, an environmental engineer at Drexel University who wasn't involved with Neoplants, reported in a 2019 study. "Plants, though they do remove VOCs, remove them at such a slow rate that they can't compete with the air exchange mechanisms already happening in buildings," Waring said.

As for Neoplants, its Neo Pl was tested in a 35-liter glass room. In it, the Neo P1's results were 30 times better than NASA's, according to the company—which means it'd still take a large number of them to clean a room. Currently, the company's engineers are designing testing sites that more accurately resemble（与...相似）living spaces. To Neoplants' executives, cleaning the air inside a home is a more logical starting point than trying to filter（过滤）the entire atmosphere.

As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.But others may not have crossed your mind. "A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run," says preventive cardiologist Dr. Beth Abramson.

●Get eight hours of sleep.

"When you're not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful," says Dr. Arya Sharma, a professor of medicine at the University of Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels.

●

Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. "We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health," adds Sharma. "Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network."

●Avoid polluted air.

Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Inhaling contaminants formed from chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase inflammation.Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts, and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.

●Eat breakfast.

A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who partook in a substantial morning meal. According to Abramson, you need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.If you're eating a proper breakfast, you're less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices.

A．Be social and outgoing.

B．Engage in voluntary work.

C．There are physiological effects of this condition on the body.

D．Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit.

E．These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular (心血管的) health.

F．Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.

G．Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people with other health risks.

It's a sad reality that many of us find ourselves just too busy to contribute to our communities. For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and 1 to make a real difference. But all that changed when I 2 my good-deed-a-day project.

My daughter, Emily, was my primary 3 . I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy.

The first week, I wasn't sure if I could 4 it. I surfed the Internet for ideas. One day, I 5 a blind man in the subway station. He smiled as he thanked me. Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a local nursing home... I could only hope I was arousing 6 in others.

Luckily, after just a few days I found it easier than I'd expected. I knew I was making a 7 .

Every evening at the dinner table, I 8 that day's good deed to Emily. Emily began copying what I'd started. On a walk home from school, she marched over to a neighbor's pot of geraniums(天竺葵), which had toppled(摇晃) in the wind, and set it 9 . "That was my good deed for the day!" she yelled. Another day, she helped me collect 10 from our neighbors for the food bank. We dropped off the food and,11 we drove away, Emily announced 12 that she wanted to work there one day.

By the last week, I knew I'd changed. At first, I hadn't been entirely13 that I could do a good deed every day. Now it was practically second 14 . I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, 15 looking the other way. I felt as though I'd awakened, somehow.

Yuan Longping, known as "the father of hybrid rice", was one of China's most famous scientists. In his life,concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious(short) of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he(choose)to study agriculture, received an education at Southwest Agriculture and worked as a researcher after graduation. Having overcome enormous difficulties, he developed the first hybrid rice in the world that could be used for farming in 1974, (make) it possible to expand farmers' output greatly.

Today, is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops(generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers(produce)around 200 million tons of rice per year. Besides, his vision for "sea water rice" has also become a reality,(potential) enabling rice production in China's salty land.

In his lifelong devotion to agriculture, Yuan Longping was always driven by his passion to better feed China and the world. Thankshis outstanding contributions, Yuan was awarded the Medal of the Republic,highest honor in China.

食文化"，请你用英语为本次活动写一则宣传稿，内容包括：1. 活动内容； 2. 活动意义； 3. 欢迎参与。

注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Joyce is in the fourth grade and he joined the noisy children of his class as usual. "Children! Silence!" Mangat Madam suddenly entered the class. She announced next week would be math week. "I'd like each of you to work on a project. You could do it individually or in a group." she instructed. "The topic for the project needs approving tomorrow and it has to be displayed at the math week exhibition. The best project will be awarded and there is also a surprise gift from my side," she added.

Joyce, who is extremely good at math, sat in the corner seat of the first bench with Karan, an average. Karan asked Joyce if they could work on the math project together. Joyce replied in a prideful tone, "Ha-ha you want to join me. I think I will do the project on my own." Joyce wanted to get awarded and the surprise gift all for himself from Mangat Madam.

After deep consideration, Joyce decided to work on a math magic quiz on the circuit board（电路板）. The next day in school, Mangat Madam arrived in the classroom and all the children submitted their topics for math exhibition. They all chose to work in a group except Joyce. In the following days, Joyce gathered all the materials for the project such as wires, bulbs (灯泡), a switch and a thin plywood board (胶合板). He worked out a few mathematical basic operations to be fixed on the board so that when the wire of the circuit touched the right answer, the bulb glowed（发光）. Joyce completed the project and was happy with the result. 

The evening before the exhibition, while packing his school bags, Joyce again checked the project to see if it was working fine. Alas! All the lights that were to glow did not seem to light at all. Without finding the reason, Joyce was tensed. However, he decided to take the same project to the school as he couldn't change the topic at the last minute. Then came the next day, and everybody was fascinated in the exhibition.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

It was Joyce's turn to display his project. 

……

Finally, the teacher announced Karan's team was the winner.