To understand how “modern art" began, a little historical background can be helpful. There was a rapidly increasing change in the 19th century. As result of the Industrial Revolution (工业革命), great changes in manufacturing (制造业), transport, and technology began (affect) how people lived, worked, and traveled throughout Europe and America.
These industry-inspired social changes led to not only greater prosperity (繁荣) but also (crowd) living conditions for most workers. In turn, this led to the demand for the architecture, the demand for applied art and design and the appearance of wealthy businessmen became art collectors and supporters. Many of the world's best art museums (establish) by these successful businessmen in the 19th century.
Besides, two other (invent) had a direct effect fine art of the period. First, in 1841, the American painter John Rand invented the tin paint tube. Second, major advances were made in photography (摄影), (allow) artists to take photos of views which could then help (they) paint in the studio at a later date. Both of the developments would (great) benefit a new style of painting known as "Impressionism", which would have a huge influence upon how artists painted the world around them.
