Archaeology is a science that studies past cultures and the way people lived based on the things they left behind.
People1things because those things aren't important or because the people have too much of those things already. By 2 the garbage pile of a civilization (文明), scientists can find out what was 3 to those people(or what they had too much of).
Why is this important? Sometimes, 4 is all that's left of a people. Especially if that people has been 5 by others, the buildings, tools, and food were probably6 or destroyed long ago. A people's garbage, especially if it was also trash to the 7, might be left alone, allowing archaeologists to 8 more about a people who left few clues to what they liked and didn't like.
Did they wear certain clothes? What kinds of 9 did they eat? Answers to all these questions can be found 10 sifting (筛) through a midden (堆肥).
It could also be possible to find out more about a conquered people by 11 the rubbish of their conquerors. Some invaders, not 12 knowing what's valuable to the people they're conquering, might as well throw away things that are extremely 13. It is left to archaeologists to find these things and 14the life stories of people long since 15.
One person's trash could be another person's treasure.
