Stephen William Hawking (born on January 8, 1942) is an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, author and Director of Research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology within the University of Cambridge. As a child, he was enthusiastic about(design) complicated toys but  (unfortunate), in his twenties, he suffereda disease that couldn't be cured,was a great challenge for him. As the condition (progress) over the years, finally he became almost entirely paralysed (瘫痪的) and could only communicate through a speech generating device. However, not only was he positive about the misfortunes, but he also eventually defeated all the  (obstacle) and became  (absorb) in his research into the universe. In 1988, his best-seller A Brief History of Time(publish), in which he put forward the idea that time(it) has a beginning, and that it will have an end. This book stayed on the British Sunday Times best-seller list for a record-breaking 237 weeks. In (conclude), he has made outstanding contributions to the fields of cosmology and quantum gravity.