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重庆市綦江区2021-2022学年九年级上学期英语12月阶段性学情调研试题

作者UID:9673734
日期: 2024-11-29
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阅读理解

As we all face the novel coronavirus(新型冠状病毒), protecting yourself is the same as protecting others. Here are some safety suggestions based on the Handbook for the Prevention and Treatment of

COVID-19, which was released by WeDoctor Digital General Hospital.

Stay away from crowds and wear masks

If you have to go to crowded places, remember to mask up. Keep at least one meter of distance between yourself and other people, particularly those who are coughing or sneezing. Why? Most crowded places are poorly ventilated(通风的). The novel coronavirus can be transmited (传播)via mucus droplets(粘液飞沫)and travel one to two meters in the air before falling to the ground. The droplets can be transmitted farther by sneezing or coughing than by speaking. If you are too close, you can breathe in the virus. Wearing a mask can prevent droplets from reaching your face or mouth. __________________

Keep proper indoor ventilation(通风) while at home. Open windows to let in fresh air during the day. It's best to do this three times a day for 15 minutes to half an hour each time. Why? The virus can only infect(感染) you when it builds up to a certain amount. Proper ventilation can stop the virus from gathering into a greater amount.

Keep up good habits

Keep healthy habits such as eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly, as well as getting enough sleep. Why? Doing these things can strengthen your immune system(免疫系统), making it less likely for you to become infected.

Wash hands properly

Remember to wash your hands before eating, after going to the bathroom, coming home, coming into contact with garbage and touching animals. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands. Why? Your hands might touch surfaces that can be contaminated(污染) by the virus. Washing your hands frequently(频繁地) can stop the virus from entering your body.

阅读理解

Pollution inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year.

Many people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over wood-powered of coal-powered stoves(炉子).

One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun.

Crosby Menzies, a solar power(太阳能)expert in a South African company, described his latestsolar cooker(厨灶)called the"Sol-4". "It is four square meters of mirrors, six to eight meters in length. It isquite a large cooker. "

The "Sol-4" works by reflecting(反射)light from the sun off large mirrors. The mirrors direct(把…对准)the light at a cooking pan. Then the light heats the pan with solar energy. Within two minutes, the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions. In just four minutes, water can be boiled. That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity.

The cooker is also much "friendlier" than other models because people do not have to stand in the sun to use it. And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal. Suchindividualswould be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke.

At present, the cooker only works when the sun is shining. But engineers are working on a way to make it work without sunlight.

Each cooker costs about $2, 000, which is a large amount of money for most Africans. To deal with that problem, Crosby Menzies has crated a non-governmental (非政府的,非官方的) organization called Solar Cookers for Africa. It plans to raise money through donations(捐赠) to provide poor people with solar cooking equipment.

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Wang Fengqin, a 61-year-old woman in Beijing, volunteers to sort(分类)rubbish in her livingarea in Beijing Chaoyang District.

At 6: 30 every morning, while half of Beijing is still in sleeping dreams in bed or enjoying a delicious breakfast, Wang rushes through her busiest hours in the day. She gets up, gives her face a quick wash, takes a simple breakfast and rushes to the four rubbish dustbins beside the gate of her living area. There she checks the waste left by her neighbours to make sure it is sorted correctly.

"Sorting rubbish will improve the environment for all of us and it only takes a minute," Wang said. "I want to help my neighbours develop good habits."

As Wang spoke, an old man came by and threw a plastic bag full of rubbish into the dust-bin marked "recyclable".

"Hey, please there are some orange peels(皮)and fish bones in your bag, so they are supposed to be put into the dustbin marked ' kitchen waste ', " Wang told him.

Learning the old man was in a hurry, Wang let him go, opened the bag herself, picked out the kitchen waste and threw it in the right dustbin.

Wang has been doing this every day from 7∶30 a. m. to 9 a. m. and from 6 p. m. to 8 p. m. since March 10. She says people usually go downstairs and throw out rubbish at this time.

"Most people had no idea about sorting rubbish at first, but now 90 percent can put rubbish in the correct dustbin," Wang says. However, she plans to keep doing this job until all her neighbours sort correctly.

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In China, three- child policy has come out. That is to say, all couples are allowed to have up to three children.

A Chinese Communist Party statement gave a number of reasons for the change in policy. The statement said the change is meant to balance(平衡)population development. It said the move also tries to stop a declining(下降的)birth rate and strengthen the country's work force.

China's annual number of newborns has fallen for four years to around 12 million in 2020, according to the National Bureau of Statistics.

The declining birthrate has also brought a sharp increase in the proportion of the population aged 60 or above, rising from 10. 3 percent to 18. 7 percent in the past decade(十年). The population of those 14 or younger dropped from about 23 percent to 18 percent during the same period.

China—the world's most populous country launched the one-child policy in 1980. It began relaxing its decades long family planning policy for urban couples in 2002 and carried out the two-child policy in 2016.

"After the second-child policy took effect, a large number of families wanted to have a second child but feared the difficulty in child-rearing(养育子女), " the National Health Commission said. Therefore, to carry out the three-child policy, China has planned to take some support measures to lower fertility and child-raising costs. Projects in the short term include setting up public community centers in 150 cities and adding 500, 000 public nursery care slots.

Huang Kuangshi, a researcher at the China Population and Development Research Center, said:

"The new policy will cater to(迎合)the demand of most couples to have more children, so the three-child policy is likely to remain for a relatively long time."

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