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山东省历年中考真题分类汇编:阅读理解(日常生活类)

作者UID:7863989
日期: 2024-11-06
中考真卷
阅读理解
阅读理解

Hi Vince,

It's been a while since we got in touch last time. How has your semester (学期) been?

I want to send you an email to let you know how things have been going during my semester abroad here in Malaga, Spain (西班牙). I've already been here for several weeks, and I feel like I am finally adapting (适应) to the culture. I'm also speaking the language better.

I arrived here on September 1st. The weather has been very nice. Even though it's October, it's still rather sunny and warm. In fact, I went to the beach and swam in the Mediterranean Sea (地中海) earlier today.

I am living with a very welcoming host family. I have my own private bedroom. We eat breakfast, lunch, and dinner together. On Sundays, we have a big home- cooked paella for lunch. In Spain, lunch is usually the biggest meal of the day. It's also very common for the people to take a midday nap right after a big meal. I am actually just waking up from my nap right now!

On weekdays, I take classes at the local university. There, I met several native (本国的) Spanish speakers. They have been very kind and patient with me. At first, it I was difficult for me to understand their Spanish, but now I understand most of our conversations. They say that my Spanish has improved a lot since we first met. Now, I am more confident (自信的) to use the language in other places like stores and restaurants.

I am so glad that I decided to spend the semester here in Spain. Tomorrow, October 12th, is Spain's National Day. We will have a five-day holiday. A group of my friends and I are going to travel to France for four days. It's so easy and inexpensive to travel internationally in Europe. I love it!

I look forward to hearing from you soon. Do stay in touch more often. Perhaps you could even come to visit! What do you think?

Best wishes,

Alfred

根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选项。

Every time you're online, you are bombarded (如炮轰) by pictures, articles, links and videos trying to tell their story.

Read these tips, and don't get fooled by fake news!

⒈ Check the source (来源)

Does it look real? Is the text well written? Fake news websites often use addresses that sound like real newspapers, but don't have many real stories about other topics.

⒉ Watch out for fake photos

Many fake news stories use images (图像) that are Photoshopped or taken from an unrelated site. Sometimes, if you just look closely at an image, you can see if it has been changed. Or use a tool like Google Reverse Image search.

Look to see if the story you are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust. If you do find it on many other sites, then it probably isn't fake (although there are some exceptions).

⒋ Look for other signs

There are other methods that fake news uses. These include using ALL CAPS (全大写) and lots of ads that come out when you click on a link. If the news story makes you angry, it's probably designed to make you angry.

If you know these things about online news, and can use them in your everyday life, then you have the control over what to read and what to believe. If you find a news story that you know is fake, the most important advice is: don't share it!

A. Check the story is in other places

B. Unluckily, not all of these stories are true

C. Fake news stories often spread much faster

D. Also, think about how the story makes you feel

E. Look at the website where the story comes from

阅读理解

    Animals are our friends. Sometimes they make trouble, but sometimes they can help us. And they hope to live a happy life, too. Here are two real stories from our readers.

    The first story is from Ray. "My cat, Tiger, hates it when I use my iPad because it takes my attention away from him. One year, I had a fall at home and was on the floor for 16 hours. During this time, I was unable to move and couldn't get to the phone to call for help. Tiger stayed by my side until he disappeared under my bed. 'What's he pup to?' I wondered. To my surprise, he started to push something towards me. It was my iPad, which I didn't realize had fallen off the bed and onto the floor. He probably didn't know what itwas, but he knew that it made me happy. Thanks to Tiger, I was able to communicate with my friend, Becky, who then told my doctor. "

    The second story is from Colin. "Years ago, my friend Julius saved a bird—a wild 'Mom' cockatoo (鹦鹉) from the side of the road and kept it as a pet in a big cage (笼子). It lost one of her wings, so she was unable to return to the wild. Soon, two wild cockatoos came visiting and one 'Dad' bird wanted to find his way into the cage. The 'Mom' cockatoo in the cage was soon expecting. But as she couldn't fly, 'Dad' cockatoo built a home in the tree, keeping off everyone who got close to 'Mom' cockatoo. 'Baby' cockatoo would spend his days flying off with his dad, leaving his mom behind. She would sit and wait until they returned home each afternoon. The family stayed together happily. "

    After reading the stories, don't you think we should get along well with animals? No matter they are our pets or live in the wild, they have their feelings. We should respect every life in the world.

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和 D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Physic book or e-book

William

April 16, 2020

I'm a book addict (书迷). I have loved reading books—I mean physic books, ever since I learned how to do it, I read them while eating, on the bus, and even in the bath! As an adult, I have just graduated with a degree in English Literature, so I have spent the recent three years doing even more reading than usual!

Lenara

Dec. 12, 2019

I have lots of books. My room is full of books, not only my childhood favorites but also those I haven't even read yet. When I decided to move to Spain to work as Language assistant, I faced a big problem. I had only one suitcase for a ten-month stay, so I had to pack lightly.

It would be impossible to pack enough physical books for nearly a whole year. My only choice was e-books.

Amelia

Dec. 23, 2019

I agree with my friend, physical books are better than e-books. But a big problem is about the cost of physical books. And another problem, we have to cut a lot of trees to produce paper.

Gianggi

Sept. 9, 2019

I have always been hating e-readers! I even wrote an article about it when I was at school. I love physical books so much. Compared with physical books, e-books seemed emotionless (无情感的). But while traveling, my choice was e-books or no books, so my brother bought me an Amazon Kindle for my birthday. Now I am on my sixth e-book, and I'm starting to love my Kindle! The e-reader means I never have to worry about there's nothing to read. Yes, there is something I hate, but in general it has become one of the most important parts in my life!

根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误。

    Do you often listen to music at loud volumes (音量)? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing. Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss (听力丧失) ,because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.

    The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB (分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.

    Loud noise is harmful to the inner二Most of us are bon with about 16,000 hair cells (听毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss. Once this happens, it's hard to get your hearing back.

    Some people might think that their music isn't all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you alight feel uncomfortable

    The "safe level" for most sound is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 dB is about equal to (相当于) the noise of a subway.

    Here is some advice on safe listening. Over—the—ear headphones  (头戴式耳机) are better than in—ear ones. They do a better job of stopping outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. Don't listen to loud music on your headphones for a long time. Follow the 60:60 rule: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones' maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day.

阅读短文,然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。

    When I was a child, I was a tomboy(假小子). I had a cowboy hat and cowboy boots. My brothers were two and four years older than I. We often played games together.

    Once, my brothers and I fell in love with playing a game called “stealing horses”. Then my parents decided to buy my brothers guns. These were not “real” guns. Because I was a girl, I didn't get a gun. They shot and shot at everything with their new guns. I tried to “fight” them with my bow and arrows (弓和箭). But I was stillin the poor positionwithout a gun.

    One day while I was hiding behind a wall, looking out toward the fields, I felt a terrible blow to my right eye. I looked up just in time to see my brother lower his gun. Both brothers rushed to my side. My eye felt great pain and I covered it with my hand. “If you tell that to Mummy,” they said, “We will get a whipping(鞭打) from Daddy. You don't want that to happen, do you?” I did not. “Here is a piece of wire(电线),” said the older brother, picking it up from the floor, “Say you stepped on one end of it and the other flew up and hit you.” “Yes,” I said. To be honest, I didn't want them to be punished. So I did as my brothers told me to do.

    A week after the “accident” my parents took me to see a doctor. Finally I knew my brothers were worried about my eye, so they told our parents what had happened and asked them to take me to see a doctor.

阅读短文,从文后每小题A、B、C选项中选择最佳答案。

A

    One day Vimala and her new friend. Mary, were playing at school. Mary was a very quiet and shy girl but Vimala liked her. While jumping, Mary's glasses fell off and broke. Just then the bell rang and they had to hurry to their science class.

    “Oh dear, I'm going to be as blind as a bat. But we'd better hurry. It's Miss Lee's class, "said Mary.

    At the start of the lesson, Miss Lee explained how to do the experiment to produce large eye crystals. Then she started to question the class. Nobody dared to give a wrong answer because Miss Lee was a very strict teacher Miss Lee held up a clamp(夹具) and said, "What do we use it for? What do we call it? All the girls looked down, while she looked at their heads for one to pick on. "Mary?" she finally asked.

    Mary was sitting at the back of the class. She stood up and peered at Miss Lee, but she could not see clearly what the teacher was holding. She was nervous a bit and did not answer.

    Miss Lee repeated her question. This time she spoke more slowly and there was anger in her voice.

    "What is this used for?" she asked

    Vimala saw storm clouds climbing up to Miss Lee's face. She knew that the storm was about to burst on Mary, so she put up her hand. Miss Lee paid no attention to her and stared through narrowed eyes at Mary, waiting for an answer.

    Mary did not know what to say. She looked to her left and right for help. Too scared to say out that she couldn't see clearly, Mary hoped that if she kept quiet Miss Lee would ask somebody else.

    Vimala guessed what was wrong, so she decided to take a risk. She jumped to her feet and said, "Excuse me. Miss Lee. Mary broke her glasses just before the lesson started. I don't think she can see the clamp clearly. "Then she sat down, praying (祈祷)that the ceiling would not fall on her.

    “Oh!” Miss Lee said, a little surprised. She had thought that Mary was refusing to answer. Now that she understood, her anger faded away. “Thank you, Vimala.” she said. Then she turned to Mary and said, “Come and look at this.”

    Mary left her chair and went to the front of the class.

    “It's a clamp.” she said. "We can put it on a metal stand(支架) and use it to hold things in place.”

    "Well, you got it right at last." Miss Lee said with a brief smile. But you'd better not do any experiments until your glasses have been repaired. You can watch Vimala while she does the experiment.

    The storm clouds disappeared. The smile disappeared from Miss Lee's face and she continued with the lesson. Vimala winked at Mary who peered at her and smiled weakly.

阅读理解

    Scrub, the pet cat of Jennifer's, was found! It got lost five years ago. Jennifer looked for it everywhere but failed each time. She thought Scrub would never come back. But one day she got a call from an animalshelter(庇护所) and was told they had found Scrub!

    How did they know Scrub belonged to Jennifer? How did they know Jennifer's phone number? All the information was available because of the microchip, a very small computerchip(薄片). It was placed under Scrub's skin many years earlier.

    The microchip is usually placed under the skin of an animal's shoulder to keep its ID number. Once the chip is in place, the pet does not feel it anymore. When lost pets are brought to animal shelters, people there use a special tool to look for the microchip and read the ID number on it, then they'll call the microchip company to match the number to the information of the pet's owner. This is how the shelter was able to tell Jennifer that they had found Scrub.

    Microchips have helped thousands of owners get their lost pets back. In New York, a dog named Roxy was missing for months. Then a woman found her on a busy street in New Jersey. No one knows how the dog got to a different state. However, thanks to her microchip, Roxy was soon returned to her grateful owner.

    In 2008, a couple got their cat George back after he had disappeared 13 years earlier! When George got lost, the couple tried everything to find him. They visited animal shelters every day for six months, made posters and even offered a $500reward(酬金). As years went by, they thought George would never be back till they got the call from an animal shelter. Without the microchip, the cat would never be able to come home again.

    Microchips can not only work for a pet's whole life but help lost pets no matter how far they've been away from home. This is why microchips may be just the thing to help bring missing pets back home.

阅读理解

    At some point in life, many people develop a mental (精神) problem.

While most people get over it, for others it doesn't go away easily.

    The WHO says that about 20 percent of teenagers worldwide suffer from mental illness. It's thought that the number of teenagers with mental illness around the world will increase by half by 2020. It will become one of the main causes of illness, and even death.

    In China, the picture isn't bright, either. About one tenth of teenagers under the age of 17 have a mental health challenge.

    The world is changing fast. Study and relationships have always caused stress, but today the stress is much higher than before, the WHO said.

    A research centre in Oxford University says that young people today have big stresses at school. For example, they experience bullying (欺凌). In a 2017 report, the centre noted that the Internet was a special source (渠道) of stress. Online, young people often see "messages about perfection" and this causes the young "great uncertainty about their futures", says the centre.

    Also, according toChina Daily, Chinese people don't ask for help with their mental problems. They fear that others will think less of them if they say that they are in mental trouble. Elaine Peng, a US mental health educator, makes a similar point. And in the UK, over three quarters of young people believe their mental problems have a socialstigma. It is reported in 2017 that a quarter of young UK people wouldn't ask for help if they developed a mental problem.

    Young people who don't ask for help for their condition may be creating problems for themselves in the future. Elaine Peng warned that, "If we hide our mental health, it may remain a problem forever."

    "My message for young people is, if you feel something is wrong within you—ask for help," he toldChina Daily.

阅读理解

    Did you take part in a camp this summer? There are so many summer camps and not all of them are the same. To choose which camp is best for you, first you must do a bit of research.

    Maybe you've never thought about it before, but every great summer camp has the same main goals—opportunity, challenge and growth.

    Opportunity means you are given a chance to do something special. It also makes you special because other kids don't have the same opportunity. For example, if you are interested in writing, then you can choose to join a journalism (新闻) camp. You may have the opportunity of meeting famous journalists there.

    Challenge means you are given a task. You must finish the task and succeed in dealing with the challenge. Then you will have a sense of achievement. For example, you could take a lifeguard course at some summer camps. If you pass the exam, then you will receive a certificate (证书) to become a real lifeguard.

    This also leads to the third and most important goal of very great summer camp—personal growth. It doesn't mean growing taller and stronger or more beautiful. It means seeing yourself improve, learning something new and doing something you didn't know or believe you could do before. It also means becoming more confident in yourself.

    So in the future when choosing your next summer camp, remember to ask yourself: Is it a special opportunity? Is it a challenge? Will I grow?

    But what about friendship, fun and joy? These will all happen naturally when you have the right goals at summer camps!

阅读理解

When most people decide to buy food, they go to a grocery store. Grocery stores sell many different kinds of food in just one store. Some grocery stores also sell household goods such as kitchen paper, cleaning things, and diapers(尿布). A grocery store is a convenient place to shop for the kitchen and others.

Although it is comfortable and relaxing to shop at a grocery store, some people decide to buy their food from other places like fanners' markets. At a farmers' market, local farmers sell the foods they grow to customers. The foods they sell often include fruits, vegetables, and meats. Most of these foods are freshly harvested (收获) with no man-made additions.

There are several ways in which farmers' markets are less convenient than grocery stores. For example, packed foods usually are not sold at farmers' markets. Besides, many farmers do not accept credit (信用) cards or checks  (支票) as payment for their goods. What is more, most farmers' markets are only open for business once or twice each week. This makes some people not want to shop at farmers' markets, but others are willing because of the fresh and local food there.

Deciding whether to shop for food at grocery stores or at farmers' markets is a personal choice. This choice reflects a person's values about life and about food. Those who value convenience and (多样) will probably choose to shop at a grocery store.

People who value freshness and enjoy supporting local farmers will probably prefer the farmers' markets. Luckily, most communities provide choices for both kinds of shoppers.

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