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山东省历年中考真题分类汇编:任务型阅读(一)(2018年)

作者UID:7863989
日期: 2024-11-26
二轮复习
任务型阅读
任务型阅读

    Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17, he travelled along the Silk Road with his father, who wanted to trade with the Chinese. Finally, they arrived in Beijing. They were guests at the Emperor's Palace Marco was very clever and could speak four languages. The Emperor was impressed by him and they became friends. He asked Marco to serve in his court (宫殿) and sent him to do many important jobs all over the country.

    Marco was amazed by how beautiful China was. He was impressed by Beijing and the Emperor's Palace, especial the Summer Palace which was described as "The greatest palace that I've ever seen". The walls were covered with gold and silver and the hall was so big that it could easily hold 6,000 people for dinner.

    Marco was also attracted (吸引) by the inventions and developments in China which couldn't be found in Europe at that time. Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets. In Europe, people paid for goods(货物) with gold and silver. He could not understand how people paid for food and valuable things with paper! He was also puzzled by the black stones people used to burn to produce heat. The black stones were coal, but Marco had never seen coal before!

    After he served the Emperor for 17 years, in 1291, Marco returned to Italy. He was a very wealthy man then. A writer wrote down all the stories that Marco told him in a book called The Description of the World, which became one of the best-selling books in Europe.

    People enjoyed the book, but many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true. However, Marco always stood by his tales. Just before he died, aged 70, Marco was asked the question, “Was it all true?” And this was his answer, “I have only told a half what I saw!”

请根据短文内容,完成下列表格。

Marco Polo and China

Before arriving in China

In 1254, he was born in Italy.

At the age of 17, he travelled along thewith his father to trade with the Chinese.

During his living in China

He made friends with the Emperor and served in the court.

He did manyaround China.

The beauty of China impressed him.

Thein China attracted Marco.

①Paper money was used to buy goods in the markets.

②Chinese people usedto produce heat.

After returning to Italy

He became wealthy.

A book written about his traveling experiences around the world sold well in Europe.

The underlined sentence tells us that.

阅读短文,根据要求完成下面各小题。

    Last month some parents visited a pizza restaurant in Florida with their children. On the door, they saw a sign "NO CHILDREN." "Why can't we bring our children?" "What on earth does the owner want to do?" The parents were surprised and complained angrily.

    So why did the restaurant put up the sign on its door?

    Troy Taylor, the owner of the pizza restaurant, found that many parents couldn't control their children and many children couldn't have meals quietly, so they disturbed other customers. Some people said that this was unfair. Mr. Taylor explained his decision. He said that the restaurant was near a busy road, so there might be some danger if the parents didn't take good care of their children. So he made up his mind toban(禁止)children from his restaurant.

    Others supported his decision, they said they were bored of noisy children in restaurants and now they could finally have a place for adults only.

   In fact, many other restaurants have also met the same problem.Some have done nothing and others have tried to ban children during certain times of the day. There's one restaurant in Italy. It has been creative in dealing with the problem. Theyrewarded(奖励) well-behaved children to encourage parents to control their children.

   These methods may be useful for a while, but it is difficult to solve this problem completely.

⑴⑵根据短文内容简要回答问题;⑶⑷将短文中划线的句子译成汉语;⑸请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。

任务型阅读

    “I've always had a pretty clear idea of what I want to do.” says Mary, a middle school student who wants to become a director some day. You may not be as sure of your career (职业) as Mary. But you can start thinking about and planning for your future career.

    The following article helps middle school students plan for careers.

    Explore (探索) your interests

    Many middle school students don't yet know what they want to do. But in fact, students may change their minds several times, perhaps even after they enter society. And some of tomorrow's careers might not exist (存在) today. Focusing on just one job in middle school isn't necessary. But looking into the kinds of careers you might like can help you succeed.

    ①          

    Understanding what you enjoy and what you're good at is the most important step in exploring careers. If you don't know what you want to do, you should ask yourself what you like to learn about. If you really like science, what do you enjoy about it — the lab work or the research?It's importantto think about what you like to do, because work will finally be a big part of your life.

Discover possible careers

    Once you've thought about the subjects and activities you like best, the next step is to look for careers that put those interests to use. If you love sports, for example, you might consider a career as a P.E. teacher or a soccer coach. If you like English, a career as an English teacher, a translator or a travelling guide might be a good choice.

    ②          

    After discovering possible jobs, you'll want to learn more about them. Talking directly to workers on the phone, by email, or through online discussion can help you get information about what they do. Even meeting with them in person is helpful. First-hand information is necessary for you to find out if you'll really like a career.

任务型阅读

    Some people seem to have unusual memories. Zheng Aiqiang, a "memory athlete" on TV show Super Brain, can remember 2,660 numbers in just one hour!

    You would think people like him must have special brains. But according to a recent study by researchers from America and Holland, the brain structure (结构) of ordinary people and 23 of the world's leading memory athletes shows no difference.

    Good memories can be trained. New research in the magazine Neuron suggests that a person will get a super memory with just six weeks of hard training.

    Researchers found that a technique (技巧) called loci, invented by the ancient Greeks, can greatly help improve memory.

    By using loci, you are using your imagination to improve the brain's memory networks. You can link (关联) something you need to remember with a place that you know very well. For example, to remember a list of numbers, imagine yourself walking through your house. Each thing is linked to a number. For example, zero could be the handle on the door and five could be the painting on the wall.

    In one study, some ordinary people were given 20 minutes to remember 72 nouns. At the beginning, they could only remember 26 words, but when they were taught loci, they could remember 62 words.

    "Not everyone can become a memory winner.But everyone using the technique can improve his memory greatly," said Boris Konrad, one of the researchers in the study.

请根据短文内容,完成下列任务。

阅读下面的短文,并根据短文后的要求答题。(请注明问题后的字数要求)

    [1] I'm a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra (额外的) help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.

    [2] My life improved greatly when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually became good at making things with clay. Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence(自信)came along.

    [3] I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. ⑶I soon noticed it wasn't a talent thing; it needed lots of practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.

    [4] Later I decided to learn ⑷①         to read and write. I practiced reading and ⑷②         , which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two years, I was literate(有文化的).

    [5] Through the long process with art, ⑷③            , and reading and writing, now I've got to a point in my life: I am smart enough to dive into (潜入) an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.

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