弓琴(如图),也可称作“乐弓”,是我国弹弦乐器的始祖.古代有“后羿射十日”的神话,说明上古生民对善射者的尊崇,乐弓自然是弓箭发明的延伸.在我国古籍《吴越春秋》中,曾记载着:“断竹、续竹,飞土逐肉”.弓琴的琴身下部分可近似的看作是半椭球的琴腔,其正面为一椭圆面,它有多条弦,拨动琴弦,音色柔弱动听,现有某研究人员对它做出改进,安装了七根弦,发现声音强劲悦耳.下图是一弓琴琴腔下部分的正面图.若按对称建立如图所示坐标系,
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EF%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmn%3E%28%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ec%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%29%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为左焦点,
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EP%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ei%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmn%3E%28%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ei%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%29%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
均匀对称分布在上半个椭圆弧上,
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EP%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ei%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EF%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为琴弦,记
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ei%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E%7C%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EP%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ei%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EF%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmn%3E%7C%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%28%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ei%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E5%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E++%EF%BC%8C+%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E%29%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 数列
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E%7B%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3En%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmn%3E%7D%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
前n项和为
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ES%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3En%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 椭圆方程为
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ex%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmfrac%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ey%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Eb%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmfrac%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 且
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E6%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ec%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E4%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3Ec%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 则
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ES%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3Ea%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E7%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%88%92%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E8%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
取最小值时,椭圆的离心率为
.
![](http://tikupic.21cnjy.com/2023/04/13/5c/d6/5cd69cd0a0b31ab9a207097e663990f6_71x213.png)
![](http://tikupic.21cnjy.com/2023/04/13/d0/02/d002522e6bcc6fde9d18d5511776bfcc_316x214.png)