Keju,the earliest gaokao system,began in the Sui Dynasty and lasted for 1,poetry was very important,and later Keju paid more attention to writing articles.
The examination was held every three years.Students had to pass the examinations level by level:the county examination(县试),the provincial examination,the metropolitan examination and the palace examination.Each examination would take 1 to 3 days to complete.
Most learners had to go a long way to the capital city for the exam.As the ancient transportation was not fully developed,it usually took several months to reach the place on foot.On the exam day,they had to be checked for fear of cheating (作弊),but without electronic machines.
Different titles were given to people at different levels of the exam.People who passed the county level examination were called Xiucai.Those who passed the provincial,metropolitan and palace examinations were called Juren,Gongshi and Jinshi.The top three Jinshi were called Zhuangyuan(职位) by the emperor.Competition between students was very strong.