电子体重秤度数直观又便于携带,为人们带来了方便,某综合实践活动小组设计了简易电子体重秤:一个装有踏板(踏板质量忽略不计)的可变电阻
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
与踏板上人的质量
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
之间的函数关系式为
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%2B%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Eb%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
(其中
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Ek%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
,
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eb%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
为常数,
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%89%A4%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%E2%89%A4%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
),其图象如图①所示;图②的电路中,电源电压恒为8伏,定值电阻
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3ER%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
的阻值为30欧,接通开关,人站上踏板,电压表显示的度数为
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmsub%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmi%3EU%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsub%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 该度数可以换算为人的质量
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Em%3C%2Fmi%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
.
注:①导体两端的电压
, 导体的电阻
, 通过导体的电流
, 满足关系式
.
②串联电路中电流处处相等,各电阻两端的电压之和等于总电压,即:可变电阻
两端的电压+定值电阻
两端的电压=总电压.
![](http://tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/04/02/7f/63/7f6321bc1e7a0cd7977047cdb14ebca9.png)