我国水力资源居世界首位,西部地区水力发电潜力巨大。水力发电的基本原理就是将水流的机械能(主要指重力势能)转化为电能。如图所示,某小型水力发电站水流量Q=5m
3/s(流量是指流体在单位时间内流过某一横截面的体积),落差h=15m,发电机(内阻不计)的输出电压U
1=500V,输电线总电阻
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Er%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CE%A9%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 为了减小损耗采用了高压输电。在发电机处安装升压变压器,而在用户处安装降压变压器,其中n
3:n
4=450:11,用户获得的电压U
4=220V,用户消耗的功率P
4=450kW,变压器均视为理想变压器,已知水的密度
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmtext%3E%CF%81%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3E+%EF%BC%8E+%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmo%3E%C3%97%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3Cmtext%3Ek%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3Eg%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%2F%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E3%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
, 取重力加速度
![](https://math.21cnjy.com/MathMLToImage?mml=%3Cmath+xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1998%2FMath%2FMathML%22%3E%3Cmi%3Eg%3C%2Fmi%3E%3Cmo%3E%3D%3C%2Fmo%3E%3Cmn%3E1%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmn%3E0%3C%2Fmn%3E%3Cmtext%3Em%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmtext%3E%2F%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3Cmsup%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmtext%3Es%3C%2Fmtext%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3Cmrow%3E%3Cmn%3E2%3C%2Fmn%3E%3C%2Fmrow%3E%3C%2Fmsup%3E%3C%2Fmath%3E)
°。下列说法正确的是( )
![](http://tikupic.21cnjy.com/2024/04/10/6b/0c/6b0c8f64334424e36f6955a993f40d0b.png)
- A、输电线损失的电压为500V
- B、输电线损失的电功率为25kW
- C、升压变压器原副线圈的匝数比n1:n2=1:18
- D、机械能转化为电能的效率约为67%