陕西省咸阳市2023-2024学年高二上学期质量检测英语试题

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Some of the Most Beautiful National Parks in the UK

Snowdonia 

North Wales's national park boasts mountain and sea views: Several of its peaks gaze across to Ire-land and it has miles of sandy beaches. You can climb Wales's highest mountain without working up a sweat by catching an old-fashioned train. Those who pursue excitement can choose zip lines, bounce down mountain bike trails or catch breaks at an inland surfing.

Cairngorms 

The UK's biggest national park is home to its mightiest mountains: Five out of six of Scotland's highest peaks are found here. Lying in the heart of the highlands, the Cairngorms mountain range still has vast areas of pure wilderness and is one of the chilliest places in the country. For much of the year, its peaks are blanketed in snow and you can ski there in winter.

Peak District 

Sandwiched between Manchester and Sheffield, England's oldest national park has two personalities: A tough and a gentle side. In the north are dramatic edges like Kinder Scout which rewards adventurous walkers with stark views. Venture south for the lower, greener, grass-covered valleys of the White Peak. Walk along the Ecclesbourne Valley to experience both in one day.

New Forest

The New Forest is surprisingly old: William the Conqueror named it when he used to hunt deer and wild pigs here nearly 1, 000 years ago. Confusingly, this picturesque corner of southern England isn't completely covered in woodland either—it also has acres of woodland and miles of muddy coast. The terrain is gentle, and you're guaranteed a sighting of its free-walking horses.

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Edward O. Wilson known as "ant man", was born on June 10, 1929, in Birmingham, Alabama. His parents divorced when he was young, and he was moved frequently throughout his childhood. Wilson grew up exploring the forests and wildlife. One of these adventures left him partly blind, but they also set off his lifelong fascination with ants and their social structures.

Wilson earned his bachelor's and master's degrees from the University of Alabama. In 1955, he received his Ph. D. from Harvard and worked there until retirement.

Wilson's early study of ants led to his first major discovery in 1959: how ants communicate through the release of chemical signals. Later, in 1990, Wilson and German biologist Bert Holldobler published their Pulitzer-winning The Ants. It detailed the insects' social structure that was both valued by scholars and accessible to general readers.

Another of Wilson's major works started in the early 1960s when he teamed up with Robert MacAr-thur. The pair published The Theory of Island Biogeography, where they sought to explain why different places have different numbers of species.

What many consider to be Wilson's most important contributions to evolutionary biology came in 1975 when he published Sociobiology: The New Synthesis. The work explored the genetic roots of animal behavior and argued that genes shaped human behavior. Wilson faced accusations for these ideas but his work finally largely proved true. In 1978, his ideas on the role biology plays in human culture peaked in On Hu-man Nature, which won him a Pulitzer (普利策奖) in 1979.

Wilson published more than 400 scientific papers and 20 books. These achievements offered him a type of superstar status, but friends and colleagues say the polite Southerner remained down to earth. "Professor Wilson really listened and engaged with whomever he was interacting with," said Corrie S. Moreau, who was one of Wilson's final advisees.

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Food companies engineer junk food to make it addictive They label their products to make them seem much healthier than they are. And their advertisements target children. 

All of this is according to a news report read recently by students in a Texas middle school. They were taking part in an experiment run by the University of Chicago and the University of Texas. Researchers had students learn about food-industry advertising strategies. They wanted to know if learning about them would change how kids feel about junk food. All over the world, kids are eating more foods that are high in salt, sugar, and fat. That is partly the result of clever ads that make junk food attractive. Companies use varying strategies. An ad with cartoon characters may make cereal seem fun to eat. A professional athlete enjoying a sugary drink may make it look cool. Advertisers know that if kids want a product, they'll beg their parents to buy it.

Christopher J. Bryan led the study. He says that when kids question the motives behind junk-food ads, they feel like they're fighting injustice. "The reward is knowing you're doing the right thing," he says. In the Texas study, Bryan had students view ads on an iPad. Their job was to write or draw on the screen, to make each ad's message true. For example, a McDonald's ad showed a Big Mac and the words. "The thing you want when you order salad." To the end of the sentence, a student added "should be salad."

The results of Bryan's Texas study were published in April. They showed that three months after analyzing ads, students were still choosing healthier snacks: milk instead of sugary juices, fruit over cookies. "Kids are becoming aware of themselves as agents in the world," Bryan says. "They see a chance to make the world a better place."

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You are just waking up in the spring of 2030. Your Internet of Things (IoT) bedroom opens solar-powered e-windows and plays gentle music while your smart lighting displays a montage (蒙太奇) of beachfront sunrises from your recent vacation. 

Your shower uses very little water or soap. It recycles your grey water and puts the extra heat back into your home's integrated operating system. While you dress, your artificial intelligence (AI) assistant shares your schedule for the day and plays your favourite tunes.

You still start your day with caffeine but it comes from your IoT refrigerator which is capable of providing a coffeehouse experience in your home. A hot breakfast tailored to your specific nutritional needs (based on chemical analysis from your trips to the "smart toilet") is waiting for you in the kitchen.

When it's time to leave, an on-demand transport system has three cars waiting for you, your spouse and your kids. On the road, driverless cars and trucks move with mathematical precision, without traffic jams. Accident rates are near zero.

On route, you call your R&D team, who are wrapping up a day's work in Shanghai. Your life-sized image will be projected, making your colleagues see you as if you were sitting with them. It's a bit surreal (超现实的) for them to see you in the morning light given that it's dark on the Bund, Shanghai's water-front, though the novelty fades after a few uses.

You review the day's cloud-based data from your Shenzhen manufacturing centre your pilot project in San Diego, and your QA team in Melbourme. The massive datasets are collected in realtime from every piece of equipment and have been beautifully summarized by your company's AI. All these facilities are closely maintained and operated via a skilled predictive analytics platform. Pleased with the team's progress, you end the call and ease into a good book.

This is the future and it will be here sooner than you think.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

The news plays an important role in our lives, which has been emphasized even further during the past year. If you find yourself beginning to feel negative impacts from the news, it is the time to start putting protective steps into place. 

Control consumption. This includes taking some time out from the media. . For example, do you tend to feel more negative impacts if you read the news when you're tired or just before bed, or during periods of increased stress? If so, you may wish to limit exposure at certain times of day or in particular contexts.

 . Never blame yourself for negative emotions. It is your right to feel how you do. In doing so, acknowledge that you have control over your reactions. This can help you feel more empowered to act positively. 

Focus on the positive. , try to find some other resources to focus on. For instance, during the current pandemic, the WHO suggests focusing on recovery stories. 

Seek support. Contact support groups or health care professionals. It's important to recognize the value of positive social support and to recognize that seeking help is a positive and strong step. These contacts can also help you find other helpful resources.

What works for one person may not be the best approach for another. Everyone is an individual. . Do not hesitate to seek professional help to guide you through this process.

A. Take ownership over your emotions

B. Take time to find what works for you

C. Always remember that you are not alone

D. It's also important to invest time in self-care

E. If you're being disturbed by negative news coverage

F. Staying informed and educated is particularly important

G. Alternatively, you may have noticed a pattern you are experiencing

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

John had been on the road visiting customers for more than three weeks. It was coming up on Mother's Day. He said to himself, "I'll 1 Mom some roses."

He went into the small shop and saw a boy 2 to the clerk. "How many roses can I get for six dollars, madam?" the boy asked. The clerk was trying to 3 that roses were expensive and carnation (康乃馨) was the best flower for mothers. Maybe the young man would be 4 with carnations.

"No. I 5 have roses," he said, "My Mom was sick so much last year and I didn't get to spend much time with her. I want to get something 6 . It has to be red roses because that's her favorite."

The clerk 7 John and was just shaking her head. Something inside John was 8 by the boy's voice. He looked at the clerk and 9 mouthed that he would pay for the boy's roses.

The clerk looked at the young man and said, "Okay, I will give you a dozen red roses for your six 10 " . The young man 11 jumped into the air. He took the flowers and ran from the store.

John 12 his own flowers and had the clerk be 13 that delivery would include a note telling his mother how much he loved her. 14 he drove away from the shop, he saw the young boy walking down the sidewalk. He 15 him cross the street and enter a cemetery (墓地). The young man stopped by a small monument and went on his knees. He carefully laid the 16 on the grave and began to sob. John heard the young man speak. "Mommy oh Mommy, 17 didn't I tell you how much I love you? Jesus please, find my Mommy. 18 my Mommy I love her."

John walked back to his car, with 19  in his eyes. He drove quickly to the florist and told her he would take the flowers 20  .

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Paper lanterns are beautiful decorative lanterns, (original) made of rice or silk paper, covering a light source. They have been used to decorate rooms during festivals and other important (occasion) for hundreds of years. Nowadays, (hang) lanterns is still one of the traditional customs in many places.

Due  the thin covering of paper lanterns, the lanterns are very beautiful when they are lit. Different paintings and designs (attach) to the thin covering, making the lantern more attractive. 

The only color not traditionally used in making paper lanterns is white; it is often used in memory of  dead in many Asian cultures. Paper lanterns have  (vary) shapes and sizes. A common design is the ball or globe design,  holds its shape by being stretched (伸展) over bamboo strips.

It is very unusual today to see paper lanterns that hold candles, unless the paper (use) is fire resistant (耐火的). It's simply too easy for them to catch fire, otherwise. So in modern times, for safety, people often use a small electric light instead of a candle (avoid) possible fires.

第一节 短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I was taking a walk with my mother while I noticed some litter on the sidewalk on last Monday. I knew it was time to take action. So on their way home, we decided to doing some clean-up work. I took a picker and my mother hold a big rubbish bag. Together we did litter pickup on the sidewalk. I was surprising that the bag filled up so quickly. Then we threw into the roadside dustbin and repeated the process two more time. It gave us a sense of achieve to know we did what we could for Mother Earth. We were determined to do so consistent, maybe once a week.

第二节 书面表达，假如你是李华，最近得知你的好朋友Tom总是在上课时睡觉，并认为是理所当然的事。请你用英文给他写一封信。内容包括：1. 阐明上课时睡觉的害处；2. 劝说他不再继续上课睡觉。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Tom, 

Yours, 

Li Hua