黑龙江省绥化市绥棱县2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

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Smart Home Products for Living a Connected Life

    What makes something a smart home product? Generally, it's defined by its ability to connect to a Wi-Fi network, allowing users to interact(互动)with it from their smartphones. We've rounded up some cool, diverse offerings that you'll love to have in your home.

    Nest Cam IQ

    walmart.com

    $299.00

    The Nest Cam IQ is a beautifully designed home security camera that can recognize faces. It can warn you if there's a stranger in your home. The device also supports two-way communication via built-in microphones and a powerful speaker.

    Logitech Harmony Elite

    amazon.com

    $249.99

    The Logitech Harmony Elite is one of the best universal remote controls available on the market. It can control just about every piece of electronics you own(it supports over 270, 000 devices！)in every room of your house or apartment, including TVs, streaming devices, and sound systems.

    Apple HomePod

    bhphotovideo.com

    $349.00

    The Apple HomePod has better audio quality than any other smart speaker available today. Available in white or space gray, the Siri-powered device also allows you to control a number of devices with your voice.

    August Smart Lock Pro

    amazon.com

    $279.99

    The August Smart Lock Pro is compatible(兼容的)with most locks. A mobile app allows you to manage access to the lock, check its usage history, and get informed when someone opens the door. You can control it and check on the state of your door with voice commands.

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I've been into volunteer work since childhood. As a girl, I volunteered at animal shelters, played music at nursing homes, and helped with community cleanup. In college, I volunteered heavily at a large yearly conference (会议), where I first met and fell in love with my husband Tom, who was on my team of co-volunteers.

Volunteering has been a way of life for me and I wouldn't do it if I didn't enjoy it. Most of the time, you do feel that you're making a difference. Once I led a project that provided food to Syrian families. When it was nearing Ramadan, the biggest holiday season in Islam, I filled the food package with nuts, olive oil, sweets. . . We took the package and arrived just as a Syrian family was sitting on their floor for breakfast. They had nothing but some bread and a pot of tea. The mother cried when seeing us, saying she would never forget our kindness gratefully.

Another time, some friends and I volunteered to a church with only a few elderly residents. The churchyard needed attention. We spent the weekend in the home of one of these old ladies so we could clean and repair the churchyard. I'll never forget the new life in her eyes as she stayed with us. It broke my heart to remember this old lady with pleasure for such small efforts we made.

Volunteer work is satisfying not because you have done some work, but because your presence has an effect on people around. It makes me grateful for what I have and gives me a chance to serve people. 

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Robots are often cast in popular science fiction as the bad characters that take over the world and enslave mankind. But with the beginning of some serious diseases, robots are increasingly being employed as helpers, taking on often dull, difficult and dangerous tasks and thus reducing humans' exposure to some terrifying virus. 

In the United States, two of the main ways in which robotic technology is being used in the hospitals are to disinfect(消毒）hospital rooms and act as a telemedicine portal, allowing doctors and health care workers to communicate via video conference directly with patients without unnecessarily exposing themselves to those highly infectious virus. 

In Boston, doctors, researchers and robotics engineers have teamed up to bring a friendly, dog-like, four-legged robot named Spot into Brigham and Women' s Hospital, allowing doctors to communicate with patients via telemedicine. 

In March, at the start of the pandemic, a league from hospital, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Spot's manufacturer-Boston Dynamnics, began testing the robot's design to enable Spot to communicate with patients, thus reducing the exposure of frontline health care workers to the virus. In the place of a head, Spot has an iPad affixed to a stand, allowing doctors to conduct telemedicine services with their patients. 

"Most people actually really like it, " says Dr. Peter Chai, an emergency medicine physician who serves as the hospital's chief researcher on the robot project.

Researchers are working to increase the robot's diagnostic abilities, enabling it to measure the patients temperature and his or her respiratory rate (呼吸率）. 

Chai predicts that hospitals will continue to find more ways to use robots, and tie wonders whether robots can deliver supplies to rooms or see patients with other infectious diseases

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Our brains have an "auto-correct" feature that we use when re-interpreting (重新解释) ambiguous sounds according to new research. The study sheds light on how the brain uses information gathered after the discovering of an initial sound to aid speech comprehension. The findings point to new ways we use information and context to aid in speech comprehension.

"What a person thinks they hear does not always match the actual signals that reach the ear, " explains lead author Laura Gwilliams. "This is because the brain re-evaluates the interpretation of a speech sound at the moment each following speech sound is heard in order to update interpretations as necessary, " Gwilliams says.

It's well known that the perception of a speech sound is determined by its surrounding context — in the form of words, sentences and other speech sounds. This plays out in everyday life — when we talk, the actual speech we produce is often ambiguous. For example, when a friend says she has a "dent (凹痕)" in her car, you may hear "tent". Although this kind of ambiguity happens regularly, we, as listeners, are hardly aware of it. "This is because the brain automatically resolves the ambiguity for us — it picks an interpretation and that's what we perceive to hear, " explains Gwilliams. "The way the brain does this is by using the surrounding context to narrow down the possibilities of what the speaker may mean. "

In the study, the researchers sought to understand how the brain uses this following information to adjust our perception of what we initially heard. To do this, they conducted a series of experiments in which the subjects listened to isolated syllables and similarly sounding words. Their results produced three primary findings: The brain's primary auditory cortex (听觉皮层) is sensitive to how ambiguous a speech sound is at just 50 milliseconds after the sound's appearance. The brain "replays" previous speech sounds while interpreting the following ones, suggesting re-evaluation as the rest of the word unfolds. The brain makes commitments to its "best guess" of how to interpret the signal after about half a second.

 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Four habits of happy people

While the recent research has shown that about 60 percent of our baseline (基本) level of happiness is probably genetically determined, it means 40 percent is under our control. You can't go back and get new genes. . Here are the good habits of happy people.

·Spend time outside. If you can clock 20 minutes a day outside, studies show you'll not only maintain a better mood, but your mind will be more open and you'll improve your working memory. .

·Exercise regularly. All exercise releases endorphins (脑内肽) in your brain, and if you work out regularly, this mood boosts（增强）even carries over to non-workout days. . Mood stays about the same on days they don't.

. A study has confirmed that when people actively try to be happy, they raise their baseline moods, making them feel happier than those who do not try. In the study, two sets of participants listened to "happy" music. Those who actively tried to feel happier reported the highest level of positive mood afterwards.

·Care for others. . Volunteer work is good for both mental and physical health. People of all ages who volunteer are happier and experience better physical health and less depression. 

A. Exercise is easy to do. 

B. Put effort into being happy. 

C. People around you impact your mood. 

D. Sunshine and fresh air make you feel good too. 

E. But you can start a good morning over with a new attitude. 

F. People who spend time every month helping others are happier. 

G. On exercise days, people's mood is significantly improved after exercising.

 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

In her 102 years, Sally Lepis has been known for helping her family, friends and neighbors. So when the old lady couldn't 1 to replace her decades-old hearing aids (助听器) and it became increasingly difficult to 2 , a local non-profit was happy to give a 3 . Last month, Lepis was presented (赠予) with hearing aids, worth about $7, 500, through Senior Dreams Come True, a non-profit program 4 by a law firm.

"Mrs. Lepis has 5 so much of herself over the years to friends, family and those 6 in her community, " said Jennifer Cona, a managing partner at the law firm. Lepis has long been the 7 that's kept her family together, her niece, Olivia Schmidt, 73, said. When Schmidt was a teenager, her mother, Lepis' twin sister, died at age

42. Lepis 8  jumped in and raised Schmidt in her Westbury home. 

"It's 9 that she has done so much for so many people and thinks 10 of it, " said Schmidt, who 11 to recommend her aunt for Senior Dreams Come True over the summer.

In July, Schmidt and her cousins wrote letters to the non-profit, 12 Lepis for her lifetime of 13 deeds. Later that month, Lepis learned she would 14 new hearing aids, replacing the ones she had used for the past 25 years, and it is 15 that Lepis will again be a lively presence at her family's Thanksgiving dinner.

 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

When Joe began his school, all (sign) pointed to success. Yet things turned out to be quite disappointing. The fourth grade even found him at the bottom of the class. Joe struggled (handle) his school work day and night, but what made him upset was that it did not work-until one stormy afternoon. 

On that afternoon, the math teacher was introducing difficult concepts  dark clouds covered the sky, and the storm set in. Although she tried to make the kids concentrate, the thunder won the battle for their attention. No one grasped the concepts. Except for Joe. He understood and answered all  questions correctly. The teacher patted him on the back and told him to go around to the others and explain how he had managed it. (encourage) by his newfound success, Joe moved quickly throughout the room. Soon mathtime (follow) by the time for art. All children naturally drew dark pictures  such a day. Except for Joe. 

Since then, Joe started to take on more (challenge) tasks than before. His math teacher was always curious about the amazing change: "Why had that stormy day changed Joe?" he put forward the question with(cautious).

At the graduation ceremony, Joe presented the teacher with his most familiar (collect)—the picture of bright yellow sun. On the picture Joe had written; This is the day I woke up to my brightness. 

 第一节，假如你是李津，上周日下午在你校排球场上举行了你校高中排球决赛(the volleyball final)，请你为校英语报写一篇报道，内容如下：1. 赛程回顾(如啦啦队欢呼，队员奋力夺冠，冠军感言等);2. 赛后反响。

注意：1. 短文不少于100词;2. 标题已给出，不计入总词数。

The volleyball Final

 第二节阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

When Jayce Crowder was in kindergarten, he began noticing that he looked different from his classmates. They had two hands. But he had only one. 

It started when one boy teased him. Jayce was in a bad mood. He'd return home in Des Moines, Iowa, with questions: Why am I different? Why me? Why? "He actually told us that he was mad at looking so different from others, " said his mother, Cortney Lewis. "That really hurt him. " Lewis admitted she didn't know what to do at that point. How could she provide answers to her son's questions when she had never found those answers herself ?

A few weeks later, Lewis came home from her job and turned on the TV to a news story about Trashaun Willis, an eighth-grader from Washington middle school, Iowa. The boy, then 14, had become an Internet star after posting videos of his slam dunk (扣篮), and, like Jayce, he was missing most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in to see Trashaun on TV, too. 

He was shocked, staring at one dunk after another. He was shocked, staring at one dunk after another. 

"Cool, " Jayce remembered thinking with excitement. " I saw him dunking on TV. "

Willis' story blew up last winter. The Des Moines Register wrote about him. NBC Nightly News flew to Iowa to interview him. Just recently, Sports Illustrated named him one of its Sports Kid of the Year finalists.

At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun would simply be an inspiring moment for Jayce—he'd see a shining role model with a seemingly similar born disability. And had it stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy. But little did she know that a family friend had already reached out to the Des Moines Register, asking the newspaper to help set up a meeting with Trashaun to encourage Jayce and build his confidence. A few days later, the good news that Trashaun accepted the invitation to meet Jayce came.

注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1:

Finally, the boys met at Washington Middle School on a Saturday afternoon several months later. 

Paragraph 2:

After the meeting, Jayce learned to accept his disability.