上海市虹口区2023-2024学年高一上学期期终学生学习能力诊断英语试题

Venice, one of Europe's most historical, romantic, and unique cities, is in danger of drowning - not in one of its famed canals but under the weight of people. Since 1980, there have been more tourists than residents in Venice and right at present the number(climb) rapidly As tourists arrive, so do businesses to support them. Small, local stores are being replaced by souvenir shops and fast-food joints;Lately, accommodations (transtorm) to Airbnbs, driving the cost of living here forever upwards As locals leave the city, the vacuum (真空) is filled with yet (much) tourist investment and before you know it, the charm and culture of old Venice that attracted us here in the first place has been transformed and lost It's no wonder that World Heritage Committee has made a plan to add"Venice and its Lagoon"to its World Heritage in Danger list.

Venice is not alone. Croatian favourite Dubrovnik, with history and cultural excellence, is suffering the same fate. There were 5, 000 residents in 1991, but in 2017 only 1, 157 people were living in the Old Town  it became overcrowded with tourists and businesses flooding to them Dubrovnik is a convenient stop for cruise ships moving around the waters of the Adriatic and its popularity has grown further following the success of Game of Thrones, was filmed there 

Many popular locations have started to apply strategies  (fight) the rising tide of tourism using a combination of legislation and financial instruments. Barcelona is limiting the number of licenses for tourist accommodation  reducing the number of cruise ships allowed to dock(停泊) A smaller number of tourists are allowed to visit the Old Town and  will need to pay a city entry fee The tourist tax is being increased to a price higher than (expect) Venice has recently introduced a tourist fee to discourage day-trippers. 

What makes the perfect winter read?

As the weather turns and the sky darkens, autumn and winter can often feel like the perfect time for curling up with a good book. 

But I wonder if it's just me who finds that my reading  seem to change along with the seasons? The books I might choose to read in some sunny garden are very different from the ones I want when the wind is blowing outside and a few precious hours of water y daylight are the best we can hope for. 

I always writing that evokes(唤起) time and place, and in the midst of the coldest, darkest part of the year, I want more than ever for a book to be"a ball of light"in my hands, as Ezra Pound famously once put it a(n) of life and love

I also need a ce rtain degree of comfortness in a winter read --something that will keep me warm when the weather won't!Give me gothic (哥特式的) building in the snow, with heroines whose passions burn brightly Or let me escape completely, into some fantasy   but I'd still like my forests icy and pine smelling Give me stories of  and re birth Remind me that this time of year has, too. 

Katherine May's beautiful , poetic deep thought on the season, Wintering, does precisely this. Seemingly, it's , combining aspects of her life with more universal thoughts on how we might winter well But there's a lyrical(抒情的), quality to the writing that confuses plain concepts like"genre" She that in winter we need different tools to get us through the season and it also offers one such tool, since Wintering itself is the perfect guide book and to see you through until spring.

That's why books that help me see the beauty of the season will always be high on my list of winter reads. 

Robot Pets

In July, Unitree, a Chinese company, launched Go2, its second-generation robotic dog. Priced from $1, 270, this robot pet can walk, perform handstands, and take photographs. Equipped with a smart speaker, it responds to voice commands. Go2joins the market as the latest in a series of attempts by scientists to create machines that can do everything a real animal does  and leave a lot less mess to 1 afterwards. 

The first robot dog available to buy was Sony's AIBO Released in 1999, AIBO was a(n)2 hit 3000 units sold in just under 20 minutes in Japan Its name is a 3 of"artificial intelligence"and "robot". AI is a computer programme that can learn from experience and perform tasks that usually require human 4 AIBO was discontinued in 2006, but went back on sale in 2017

With cameras for eyes, AIBO 5 obstacles and safely explores its surroundings Voice-recognition technology enables it to turn its head to face a person when they speak, and even identify different voices 6 , the dog has been programuned to respond to physical contact, such as touching its back or patting its head just the way a real life puppy would react AIBO also"7 "over time, and its behaviour changes as it develops from a playful puppy into an adult.

Electronic pets are 8  toys for children, though They can be valuable companions for older people, too In 2022, a study by the University of Plymouth found that ro bot 9  could improve the wellbeing of elderly people who live in care homes and also those suffering from a condition that affects the brain. They found that the cute robots can provide all the emotional benefits of a real animal, without any of the work that comes with taking care of one. 

As technology develops, robot pets will become 10  advanced Whether or not they take the place of living, breathing, barking and purring pets in our homes remains to be seen. 

A short period of sleep taken during the day is known as a nap. Naps don't just have benefits for adults at work, though. They could also help pupils to make the most of their school day. Studies have shown that a 20 to 30-minute"beauty sleep"makes people more alert and focused. This improves people's ability to remember new information, which would help school children concentrate during lessons. Experts say that napping also improves brain functions, such as memory and the ability to complete difficult tasks.

The school day starts early, which means that pupils don't always get enough sleep because there's no chance to have a lie-in. Adding naptime during the school day would help exhausted pupils to make up for any sleep they've lost from getting up so early. 

There are long-term benefits to taking a short nap, too. According to a recent study from University College London, the brains of people who have regular naps are bigger than those who don't. People's brains naturally shrink when they grow old, and the results showed that little sleeps can help people's brains to age more slowly. 

Although a nap can seem like a good idea, going to sleep for too long can actually make you feel worse. It's not very pleasant to wake up from a daytime na p feeling confused and sleepy. Napping during the day can also have a negative impact on how well you sleep at night. This can create a cycle of not being able to sleep as well at night, leaving you feeling even more tired in the daytime. Sleep expert Dr Clete Kushida said, "It's generally recommended to maximize sleep at night. "

Another consideration is that there really isn't time in the school day for pupils to go to sleep. Some parents and teachers are concerned that it would cause children to miss too much lesson time. Pupils might take advantage of the system and use their need for a nap as an excuse to get out of lessons. 

So, what do you think? Should school allow kids to have naps, or should you wait until the evening to catch up on your sleep?

If you've ever seen a river rushing down a mountain or played in breaking waves at the beach, you'll know that moving water contains a lot of energy. A river can push you and your boat downstream, sometimes quickly, and waves crashing into you at the beach can knock you back, or even knock you over. 

This energy of moving water originates from the water cycle, where water evaporates or is released from plants, rises to higher sea level, cools, and changes into liquid, forming clouds. Rain or snow that falls from these clouds flows downhill due to gravity, forming rivers or melting into existing water paths. 

Hydropower(水电) uses this energy from flowing water. It uses turbines, which are turned by moving water. These turbines turn around a rotor inside a device called generator, turning the motion into electricity with the help of magnets. 

There are two primary types of hydropower facilities(设施). The first is called the run-of-the-river facilities, which channel river water through turbines. The electricity production follows the timing of the river flow. When a river is running full with lots of spring rain or meltwater, the turbine can produce more electricity. Later in the summer, when the river flow decreases, so does the turbine's output. These types of power stations are typically small and easy to build, but there is limited ability to control the amount of electricity they produce. 

The second type is the dam(大坝)-based facilities. These use a solid dam to hold back the flow of a river and create an artificial lake behind it. The dam operator releases water from this lake, which flows through pipes inside the dam. Turbines within the dam generate electricity as the water passes through them, and then the water flows out the other side. These facilities are usually large and can affect river habitats, but they can also produce a lot of electricity in a controllab le manner. 

Hydropower depends on the availability of water in flowing rivers. As climate change affects the water cycle, some regions may have less rainfall and therefore less hydropower generation. Since hydropower is a form of renewable electricity, it can play a role in limiting climate change. Hydropower facilities can also help avoid any imbalance in electricity production from wind farms and solar power plants. 

Keeping a bit of the outdoors inside is nothing new, but houseplant collections have become a popular social media trend --which means that more people than ever are discovering the comfort and beauty that caring for plants brings. 

 Exposure to greenery, whether you have indoor plants, take walks outside or tend to a garden, has been found to have multiple mental-health benefits, such as lowering stress, decreasing feelings of depression, increasing sociability, restoring focus, improving cognitive performance, improving mood and increasing self-esteem. 

"One study showed that patients at a hospital who bad plants in their room reported less pain, lower blood pressure, less fatigue and less anxiety than patients without plants in their rooms, "says Jenny Seham, a New York-based psychologist. She explains:"Cortisol, the stress hormone, has been shown to lower with plant interaction, reducing fatigue, irritability(易怒) and blood pressure. "

Research has also shown that having plants and gardening increase productivity and levels of scrotonin, the neurotransmitter responsible for lifting our mood  And it is also opposed to dwelling on the past or worrying about the future. 

Before you fill your space with greenery, consider how you'll interact with your plants  Can you care for them daily?

If you have a small space or aren't sure how much time you're willing to inves t in"plant parenting, "start slow " It can engage you by its smell or colour, creating a positive mood response with every interaction, " says Seham.

This famous artist's paintings were of his deepest  

The book reflected , and therefore it received  

Parents expect their children to have by actively  

working out this annoying problem is to well 

He and asked, "Are you ?"