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陕西省西安市重点中学2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题(音频暂未更新)

作者UID:9673734
日期: 2024-11-13
期中考试
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。(共5小题;每小题0.5分,满分2.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题;每小题0.5分,满分7.5分)
语法与词汇知识,从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项(共10小题;每小题0.5分,满分5分)
阅读理解(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)
从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

The rapid growth in skyscrapers worldwide, most of which have large windows, has led to a high demand for window washers. Though the job is well-paid, it is dangerous and accidents are not uncommon. However, if Israel-based start-up Skyline Technologies has its way, the dangerous job may soon be done by Ozmo, an intelligent window cleaning robot, with humans supervising from the safety of the ground.

Much like humans, Ozmo, sitting on platforms hanging from the buildings, uses its arms and brushes to clean the dirt on the glass. A 3D map of the building's surface programmed into its system allows the robot to skillfully deal with any obstacle it is likely to meet, as it moves up and down the buildings. The robot will self-correct and move around every obstacle that it might have met so as not to break a window.

Unlike present window washers, the robot cleaner does not require soap to clean the glass. Instead, it uses distilled (蒸馏的) water to do the job. Yaron Schwarcz, CEO of Skyline Robotics explains, "We are environmentally friendly."

Ozmo is also expected to be much more efficient than its human counterparts. While it presently takes three cleaners 480 hours each to clean windows of a 40-storey glass building, the robot will be able to do it in 80 hours. However, unlike other robots, Ozmo will not replace human workers, and only make their jobs safer by making them supervisors, who will be controlling the operation from the safety of the ground.

Whether Ozmo, which is still being tested, does as good a job as humans is not clear. If things go well, its creators have much bigger ambitions for Ozmo. Schwarcz told Forbes Magazine, "Window cleaning is justthe tip of the iceberg. We plan to replace all tasks that are dangerous and dirty."

从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

Great whites and whale sharks are among the species at risk of extinction over the next century, a new study has found.

Pimiento is the lead author of a study published in Science Advances that looks at how the extinction of large marine species would impact the ecological roles of ocean ecosystems. "The extinction crisis challenges scientists to better measure biodiversity: how will the total variety of life on Earth be affected as human activities lead to the losses of more and more species?" they said. In the oceans, the biggest animals are thought to play crucial ecological roles, and are also facing high levels of threat from human activities such as fisheries and climate change.

The team was looking to move beyond traditional species extinctions, to find out more about the functional diversity, the range of roles that these species perform, and how biodiversity might respond under different extinction scenarios (预测). They ran two different extinction scenarios. In one, researchers looked at extinction probability based on their current IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) status. In the second, they assumed all species listed as threatened, around 40 percent, had gone extinct.

Sharks were found to be one of the worst affected groups. "We already knew that sharks are one of the most threatened groups in the ocean," they said. "They are also very vulnerable due to their large size and low reproductive rate. Our results show that future extinctions would be selective against the most functionally unique and specialized shark species, resulting in greater projected losses." They also said the biggest threats to marine megafauna (大型哺乳动物群) are fishing, either through accidentally getting caught up or directly targeted, and climate change. Mitigating these threats could be the best way to protect these species.

The good news is that the study identifies key species that can be targeted and protected. Sometimes ocean conservation can be a triage game. The science helps us know which species really need our help and which species we really cannot afford to lose.

任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。

How to Reduce Anxiety During a Quarantine

Several governments around the world have requested or ordered their citizens to quarantine (隔离) themselves: to stay at home to avoid contact with others so as to slow the spread of diseases like COVID-19. It first appeared in China in late December and quickly became a worldwide health emergency. . Here are some tips for you toreduce anxiety.

Use social media wisely.

For people thriving off social interaction, this practice can be troubling. But Rosmarin, a psychologist from Harvard Medical School, says a lack of physical proximity (接近) shouldn't mean a lack of socializing. He says phoning friends and staying in touch can allow us to maintain our connections, though he cautions that social media like Twitter doesn't provide the same benefits and creates distance. .

Playing online games or other virtual activities can also help you maintain feelings of remaining connected when avoiding in-person visits.

Don't let the news cycle determine your emotions.

The coronavirus situation is dynamic and seems to change by the hour, resulting in a number of people feeling irresistible to stay on top of updates by constant checking their phones. While that can be stressful at any time, it can affect your ability to relax if you surf news outlets just before going to sleep. . Sleep is critical to a healthy immune system, and giving yourself an opportunity to relax is important.

Keep your usual routine.

Routines will go a long way toward helping you avoid feelings of disorganization. Do laundry on Sundays? Keep doing it on Sunday. Not going to work? Get dressed anyway. "Anxiety is just the beginning." Rosmarin says. "Within a week or two, people are probably going to start feeling depressed, especially when we are distancing from one another. That's really where the benefits of scheduling come in.".

. If you are experiencing helplessness from the effects of quarantine, contact a health care provider, a community organization or an emergency hotline number.

A. It's very unlikely that an update will be so urgent or pressing that it would lose relevance by morning.

B. If you stick to your normal sleep patterns and other practices, you will overcome your helplessness.

C. Keep a check on your own feelings.

D. Quarantines, however, can cause health problems and puts people at greater risk of anxiety and depression as a result of the isolation.

E. It is a good choice to call people you know personally, one-on-one.

F. You should continue with normal routines as much as possible, which will help you stay healthy.

G. Doing as usual will also help you adjust when the world returns--as it unavoidably will-- to normalcy.

语言知识运用(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
语法填空 (共10小题;每小题0.5分,满分5分)
单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分,满分5分)
短文改错(共10小题;每小题0.5分,满分5分)
书面表达(满分20分)
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